Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) is of fundamental importance to our understanding of oxidative damage. Its primary function is catalysing the dismutation of superoxide to O(2) and H(2)O(2). SOD also reacts with H(2)O(2), leading to the formation of a strong copper-bound oxidant species that can either inactivate the enzyme or oxidise other substrates. In the presence of bicarbonate (or C...

Abstract The catalytic conversion of CO2 captured in aqueous media into formate was studied using aluminum-sourced hydrogen a batch reaction system. To do so, the main ammonia-based absorption derivatives: ammonium carbamate, carbonate and bicarbonate sodium were selected as source. performance different species determined under mild hydrothermal conditions (120 °C), Pd/C 5 wt% catalyst. In the...

This paper reports a study into the influence of temperature and gas consumption on carbonization kinetics (saturation with carbon dioxide) sodium carbonate-bicarbonate solution. The also examined quality speed crystal formation in this process. research is predetermined by environmental problems faced modern enterprises that produce purified bicarbonate – an insufficient degree and, as result,...

[1] Galileo spacecraft data obtained from Jupiter’s ice-covered satellite Europa suggest the existence of a subsurface water ocean. The formation of this ocean is a direct consequence of early igneous and hydrothermal processes that may have facilitated oxidation through H2 and CH4 escape. These processes could have led to a moderately alkaline sulfate-carbonate ocean and a moderately oxidized ...

Caged compounds capable of inducing large pH-jumps upon UV illumination have represented a breakthrough in time-resolved infrared spectroscopy of acidification-triggered phenomena, but their use is hampered by the inability to control the initial pH as well as to measure the final pH in μL volumes. We have developed an experimental approach that accurately measures the initial and final pH valu...

The interaction between human activities and watershed geology is accelerating long-term changes in the carbon cycle of rivers. We evaluated changes in bicarbonate alkalinity, a product of chemical weathering, and tested for long-term trends at 97 sites in the eastern United States draining over 260,000 km(2). We observed statistically significant increasing trends in alkalinity at 62 of the 97...

A chemically defined medium in which Streptococcus mutans strains AHT, BHT, GS-5, JC-2, Ingbritt, At6T, At9T, 6715, and OMZ-176 and Streptococcus salivarius strain HHT grew rapidly to high turbidities was formulated. Maximal turbidities of each strain were observed after 8 to 12 h of aerobic growth. The subsequent transfer of exponentially growing cells into fresh medium resulted in growth at t...

INTRODUCTION The correction of metabolic acidosis caused by renal failure is achieved by adding bicarbonate during dialysis. In order to avoid the precipitation of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate that takes place in the dialysis fluid (DF) when adding bicarbonate, it is necessary to add an acid, usually acetate, which is not free of side effects. Thus, citrate appears as an advantageo...

This in vitro study was performed to examine if the pH decrease in the vicinity of degrading polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA) polymers can be offset by incorporation of basic salts within PLA-PGA implants. It has been suggested that such pH lowering results in adverse effects, which may be responsible for biocompatibility concerns raised recently about PLA and PGA polymers. The...