the toxicity of imidacloprid and pirimicarb for all stages of the melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover, were investigated under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 oc, 65 ± 5% r.h. and a photoperiod of 16:8 (l: d) h.) using a leaf dipping method. these pesticides were very toxic for first instar nymphs of a. gossypii with lc50 values of 17 and 220.2 ppm for imidacloprid and pirimicarb, respectively. fo...

Ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase requires CO2 and Mĝ "*" for activation; CO2 reacts with a protein e-amino group to form a carbamate which is stabilized by binding of Mg2+. In the case of the hexadecameric enzyme from spinach, the site of carbamate formation is Lys-201 (Lorimer, 1981). The enzyme from Atoatigenes eutrophuSj also hexadecameric, undergoes a substantial change in conform...

Measurements of the O(2) consumption and of the potential of frog skin, made under comparable conditions, show that the homologous carbamates (ethyl, propyl, butyl, and amyl) reduce both the O(2) consumption and the potential, but not in a similar manner. In this respect, the effect of the carbamates is like the effect of reduction in O(2) tension. The simple lysins (saponin and the bile salts)...

In the title compound, CH3OC(O)NHP(O)(OCH3)2, the P atom has a slightly distorted tetra-hedral configuration. The mixed imide moiety can be described as cisoid-transoid in which the two opposing dipoles (P=O and C=O) are oriented with a O=C⋯P=O torsion angle of 150.88(18)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers.

Poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-diene) (EPDM) containing 50 wt% of poly(ethylene-co-propylene) grafted with maleic anhydride (EP-g-MA) has been melt blended with poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) added with various amounts of reactive SAN, i.e. SAN bearing either primary amine (SAN-NH2) or carbamate groups (SAN-carb). Carbamate groups are precursors of primary amines by thermal thermolysis dur...

Carbamate insecticides act similarly to the organophosphates in that they inhibit acetyl cholinesterase enzyme (AChE) at nerve synapses and neuromuscular junctions. This inhibition is reversible with spontaneous hydrolysis occurring usually within several hours [1] thus, the inhibition of blood AChE is frequently not evident at the laboratory [2]. There are two main pharmacokinetic characterist...

A new type of polymer nanoparticle (PNP) containing a high density of covalently linked doxorubicin, attached via a non-cleavable amine linkage (amine-linked Dox-PNP) was prepared. Together with a previously reported cleavable carbamate-linked Dox-PNP, this new amine-linked Dox-PNP was subsequently evaluated against free doxorubicin for its cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects on SKNSH wild-type...

The reaction catalyzed by carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) from Escherichia coli was examined for the formation of several transient intermediates. The chemical mechanism for CPS has been previously postulated to involve the formation of carboxy phosphate and carbamate as transient intermediates. However, it is uncertain whether the carbamate arises from the reaction of ammonia with the car...

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a proven target for control of the malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae). Unfortunately, a single amino acid mutation (G119S) in An. gambiae AChE-1 (AgAChE) confers resistance to the AChE inhibitors currently approved by the World Health Organization for indoor residual spraying. In this report, we describe several carbamate inhibitors that potently inhibit G119S A...

Organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates have a wide variety of applications, most commonly as pesticides used to eradicate agricultural pests or control populations of disease-carrying vectors. Some OP and carbamates have therapeutic indications such as physostigmine. Certain organophosphorus compounds, known as nerve agents, have been employed in chemical warfare and terrorism incidents. Both cl...