Permissiveness of blood-derived caprine monocytes to infection by caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus increased during in vitro cultivation and differentiation into macrophages, as evidenced by immunofluorescence and release of extracellular infectious virus. The degree of cell susceptibility to virus infection varied among individual goats, independent of age or breed. Caprine arthritis-encep...

BACKGROUND Goat milk is reported to have antimicrobial activity of several pathogen bacteria that contained on food materials. The research related with antimicrobial activity of Alpha-S2 casein from goat milk is relatively less than other casein components. Herein, we reported the antimicrobial activity of caprine Alpha-S2 Casein (CSN1S2) protein from Ethawah breed goat milk and yoghurt in Gra...

When a child is not following the normal, predicted growth curve, an evaluation for underlying illnesses and central nervous system abnormalities is required, and appropriate consideration should be given to genetic defects causing growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD). Because Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) plays a pivotal role, GHD could also be considered as a form of IGF-I deficiency (...

This is the first description of the polymorphisms of arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) gene in Indian goats with different reproductive traits (twinning percentage and age of sexual maturity). Based on the important role of AA-NAT in reproduction, it is considered as a possible candidate gene for this trait. Two novel synonymous SNPs, C825T (exon2) and C1249T (exon3) were identified....

Cryptosporidium parvum is an enteric protozoan, which causes severe diarrhoea in a wide range of vertebrate hosts including ruminants and humans. C. infections are responsible for immense economic losses to the livestock industry; furthermore, zoonotic spread infection may lead mortality immunosuppressed In present study, we report two cases cryptosporidiosis goat kids Republic Korea. Both were...

GH acts chronically on adipocytes to inhibit lipogenesis, antagonise insulin action and accentuate lipolysis. In addition, in some species, but not sheep, GH has a transient, acute, insulin-like effect, while for some preadipocyte-like cell-lines GH acts as a commitment factor. Studies on GH signalling in adipocytes have focused on these latter two effects and have implicated STAT proteins, MAP...

The c-fos protooncogene is transcriptionally activated by a wide variety of agents including serum, growth factors, and phorbol esters. This induction is rapid and transient and is mediated through a number of identified promoter elements. Growth hormone (GH) is also known to induce transcription of c-fos in a variety of cell types including NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. To i...

After birth, the endocrine actions of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II become increasingly important. In postnatal animals, most of circulating IGFs occur in 150-kDa complexes formed by association of an acid-labile subunit (ALS) with complexes of IGF and IGF-binding protein-3. ALS is synthesized almost exclusively in liver. GH stimulates the transcription of the ALS gene, resulting i...

GH is normally secreted in a pulsatile fashion. When GH is deficient, dwarfism is the result in both rodents and humans. An adenoviral vector containing the rat GH complementary DNA was used to induce constitutive GH expression in hepatocytes of GH-deficient lit/lit mice. Elevated serum GH increased circulating insulin-like growth factor I concentrations, corrected the growth deficiency, and no...