capacity control consists of adjusting the quantity of gas supplied by the compressor to suit the fluctuating demands of the plant. In the modern processing plants, energy costs amount to about 65 per cent of the cwerall costs. Therefore, it is of paramount importance that the control system should be such that the compressor power is almost proportional to the quantity of gas delivered. For th...

This paper examines the endogeneity (or lack thereof) of the rate of capacity utilization in the long run at the firm level. We provide economic justification for the adjustment of the desired rate of utilization toward the actual rate on behalf of a cost-minimizing firm after examining the factors that determine the utilization of resources. The cost-minimizing firm has an incentive to increas...

Cyanate, a by-product of urea decomposition, is a potential nitrogen (N) source in marine environments, but to date it has received scant attention. Cyanobacteria presumably acquire this compound via a substrate-specific ABC-type transporter (cynABD), and they convert it to ammonium and carbon dioxide by cyanase (cynS) activity. Participation of cyanate utilization genes in N-stress responses i...

We develop an empirical technique to determine the capacity of a mobile ad hoc network. We assume that the network runs on-demand routing and carrier sense-based medium access protocols. The technique, however, is general and should apply to other types of protocols. We develop a tool that determines the network capacity given session-level traffic and node mobility traces. We compare the netwo...

We consider the two-dimensional bin packing problem (BPP): given a set of rectangular items, find the minimal number of rectangular bins needed to pack all items. Rotation of the items is not permitted. We show for any integer k ≥ 3 that at most k − 1 bins are needed to pack all items if every item fits into a bin and if the total area of items does not exceed k/4-times the bin area. Moreover, ...

Despite vigorous competition, airlines regularly fly their airplanes below full capacity. One reason for this is that airline fares are set before airlines observe demand. Moreover, even when airlines have accurate forecasts of demand, their ability to use prices and revenue management to smooth demand is constrained by the amount of information consumers have about prices and schedules, or mor...

An explicit equation leading to a method for improving furnace efficiency is presented. This equation is dimensionless and can be applied to furnaces of any size and fuel type for the purposes of comparison. The implications for current furnace design are discussed. Currently the technique most commonly used to reduce energy consumption in galvanizing furnaces is to increase burner turndown. Th...