Fishing spider: evolutionary by-product Sexual cannibalism, per se, need not be adaptive for either sex. In a recent study of the fishing spider, Arnqvist and Henriksson4 argue that sexual cannibalism is a by-product of strong selection for female 'rapacity', or willingness to attack prey items. In this species, female fecundity is determined by the size that the female achieves in her final ju...

A greater diversity of natural enemies can in some cases disrupt prey suppression, particularly when natural enemies engage in intraguild predation, where natural enemies compete with and prey upon each other. However, empirical studies have often demonstrated enhanced prey suppression despite intraguild predation. A recent theoretical study proposed the hypothesis that, when the intermediate p...

1. Theory suggests that the relationship between predator diversity and prey suppression should depend on variation in predator traits such as body size, which strongly influences the type and strength of species interactions. Prey species often face a range of different sized predators, and the composition of body sizes of predators can vary between communities and within communities across se...

The hypothesis was tested that selection on the basis of family means for increased survival and hen-housed egg production, when sisters with intact beaks were kept together in multiple-bird cage, would cause adaptive changes in behavior. Specifically, it was posited that beak-inflicted injuries causing cannibalistic mortality and feather loss and damage would be reduced. Body weight effects we...

Aggression levels among individuals can severely increase under high density or shortage of crucial resources, sometimes resulting in individuals killing conspecifics. This is not uncommon in family groups of diverse taxa, where the dependent offspring compete for the limited resources provided by their parents. Killing a nest mate can relax the level of competition, and cannibalism provides a ...

In Reed-Solomon codes and all other maximum distance separable codes, there is an intrinsic relationship between the size of the symbols in a codeword and the length of the codeword. Increasing the number of symbols in a codeword to improve the efficiency of the coding system thus requires using a larger set of symbols. However, long Reed-Solomon codes are difficult to implement and many commun...

This paper is a psychoanalytic literary study of the online performance Domestic Tension (2007) by Iraqi-American artist Wafaa Bilal. Fundamentally built on theories Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan, Julia Kristeva’s theory abjection well suited to be critical tool analyse Tension. questions as manifestation that espouses Bilal’s anti-Iraq War stance, exposing killing thousands Iraqis US drones....