Abstract Background Saussurea involucrata survives in extreme arctic conditions and is very cold-resistant. This species grows rocky, mountainous areas with elevations of 2400–4100 m, which are snow-covered year-round subject to freezing temperatures. S. ’s ability survive an low-temperature environment suggests that it has particularly high photosynthetic efficiency, providing a magnificent mo...

BACKGROUND Plants are increasingly being examined as alternative recombinant protein expression systems. Recombinant protein expression levels in plants from Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-based vectors are much higher than those possible from plant promoters. However the common TMV expression vectors are costly, and at times technically challenging, to work with. Therefore it was a goal to develop...

We have isolated two rice polyubiquitin genes designated as RUBQ1 and RUBQ2 by screening a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) genomic library with a 32P-labeled ubiquitin cDNA probe. DNA sequence data revealed that both genes contained an open reading frame encoding a hexameric precursor ubiquitin and an intron immediate upstream of the initiation codon. The deduced amino acid sequences of b...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of their target genes, yet the transcriptional regulation of plant miRNAs by promoter is poorly understood. Here, we firstly clone pri-miR475b cDNA and its native promoter from P. suaveolens, and characterize Psu-MIR475b as class-II gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II. By 5' deletion ana...

Hyoscyamine-6beta-hydroxylase (H6H; EC 1.14.11.11) catalyses oxidative reactions in the biosynthetic pathway leading from hyoscyamine to the more pharmaceutically valuable tropane alkaloid scopolamine. The h6h gene encoding H6H from Hyoscyamus niger was introduced, under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter, into non-hyoscyamine-producing Nicotiana tabacum and hyoscyamine-producing Hyoscyamus m...

Las regulaciones internacionales sobre comercialización de organismos transgénicos demandan su detección en los productos alimenticios. En este estudio se probaron tres métodos extracción ADNg fuentes proteína soya (Glycine max L.) usadas como ingrediente alimentos. Los fueron: A) Homogeneización SDS 1 %-guanidina-HCl con fenol:cloroformo:alcohol isoamílico; B) %- β-mercaptoetanol precipitación...

The shoot apical meristem (SAM) of seed plants is the site at which lateral organs are formed. Once organ primordia initiate from the SAM, they establish polarity along the adaxial-abaxial, proximodistal and mediolateral axes. Among these three axes, the adaxial-abaxial polarity is of primary importance in leaf patterning. In leaf development, once the adaxial-abaxial axis is established within...

Paclitaxel is a highly functionalized diterpenoid that broadly used for the treatment of several cancer types. This valuable specialized metabolite naturally exists in inner bark Taxus species low amounts. The limited-scale production paclitaxel cell cultures has necessitated use elicitors. Recently, methyl-?-cyclodextrin (CD) and coronatine (COR) have been considered to be effective elicitors ...