PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of simultaneous flexible ureteroscopic removal of stones (URS) for ureteral and ipsilateral renal stones and to analyze the predictive factors for renal stone-free status. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent simultaneous flexible URS of ureteral and ipsilateral renal stones from...

1. A method is described of using high frequency radio waves to produce localized and precisely controlled burns. The technique is employed to damage the cells of the corpora pedunculata in bees and ants, and to follow the subsequent degeneration in these lobes. 2. The corpora pedunculata on each side of the brain are composed of four lobes: two calyces, an ct lobe and a /3 lobe. Each fibre ori...

The mushroom bodies of the insect brain are sensory integration centers best studied for their role in learning and memory. Studies of mushroom body structure and development in neopteran insects have revealed conserved morphogenetic mechanisms. The sequential production of morphologically distinct intrinsic neuron (Kenyon cell) subpopulations by mushroom body neuroblasts and the integration of...

Objective: To determine the surgical possibilities of one-stage laparoscopic repair in obstructed ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) complicated with nephrolithiasis combination retrograde intrarenal surgery. Case report: The patient A., a 36-year-old male complaining about dragging pains right lumbar region was admitted to Urology Unit No. 1 Krasnodar Regional Clinical Hospital 2. underwent ultrasou...

Traditional machine vision is widely used to identify apple quality, but this method finds it difficult distinguish the stem and calyx from defects. To address this, we designed a new of apples based on their concave shape. This applies fringe projection in computer system 3D reconstruction, followed by multi-threshold segmentation 2D convex hull technique calyx. A camera projector were reconst...

related to extant Staurozoa (Cnidaria)? Evidence from the muscular system reconsidered. Haootia quadriformis was described from the lower Fermeuse Formation of the Bonavista Peninsula of Newfoundland (approx. 560 Ma) and its numerous regularly aligned impressions were interpreted as evidence of muscular tissue ([1, figs 1a and 3b]). Consequently, this fossil could represent the earliest preserv...

Hydroxyurea (HU) treatment of early first instar larvae in Drosophila was previously shown to ablate a single dividing lateral neuroblast (LNb) in the brain. Early larval HU application to P[GAL4] strains that label specific neuron types enabled us to identify the origins of the two major classes of interneurons in the olfactory system. HU treatment resulted in the loss of antennal lobe local i...

Calcium currents were recorded from a cholinergic presynaptic nerve terminal in the chick ciliary ganglion using the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. The presynaptic element of this synapse is in the form of a calyx that envelops the postsynaptic ciliary neuron. A method was developed to isolate the ciliary neuron, expose the calyx, and apply patch-clamp electrodes under visual control. The ...

The deconvolution method has been used in the past to estimate release rates of synaptic vesicles, but it cannot be applied to synapses where nonlinear interactions of quanta occur. We have extended this method to take into account a nonlinear current component resulting from the delayed clearance of glutamate from the synaptic cleft. We applied it to the calyx of Held and verified the importan...

ABSTRACT Specific floral organs including the calyptra, stigma, and receptacle area of glasshouse-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) were inoculated with aqueous suspensions of Botrytis cinerea conidia, and the initial steps involved in colonization and infection of the host tissues were studied for several days postinoculation using light microscopy as well as scanning an...