Nutrient intake and urine composition were analyzed in calcium oxalate (CaOx)stone-forming and healthy control dogs to identify factors that contribute to CaOx urolithiasis. Stone-forming dogs had significantly lower intake of sodium, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus and significantly higher urinary calcium and oxalate concentrations, calcium excretion, and CaOx relative supersaturation (RSS)...

Little is known about the renal handling of oxalate in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH). To explore the role of tubular oxalate handling in IH and to evaluate whether differences exist between IH and normal controls, we studied 19 IH subjects, 8 normal subjects, and 2 bariatric stone formers (BSF) during a 1-day General Clinical Research Center protocol utilizing a low-oxalate diet....

With the apparent increase in prevalence of calcium oxalate urolithiasis in veterinary patients, interest has shifted to minimizing risk factors for this stone type. It may seem logical to reduce dietary calcium intake as a means of reducing urinary calcium and calcium oxalate calculi. This practice has been recommended for many years in both human and veterinary medicine. However, in recent ye...

Herein we describe bimetallic di-nickel and di-copper complexes [Ni2(L)Br4] (1) and [Cu2(L)Br4(NCMe)2] (2) (L = (1E,1'E)-N,N'-(1,4-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(1-(6-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl)methanimine)) that bind oxalate intramolecularly to form [Ni2(L)Br2(C2O4)(NCMe)] (3) and [Cu2(L)Br2(C2O4)] (4). For the di-nickel complex 1, oxalate incorporation is accompanied by a significant...

The abundance of protein in the matrix of calcium oxalate uroliths has fueled speculation regarding its role in stone genesis. In this study, we wanted to characterize the composition of the proteins associated with early stages of calcium oxalate crystallization in urine. Calcium oxalate crystallization was induced in urine from healthy men and women by the addition of an oxalate load. The cry...

The inhibition of in-vitro calcium-oxalate crystal formation by Phyllanthus niruri L. extract was investigated by different methods i.e. nucleation assay and synthetic urine assay. In nucleation assay, the aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of different concentrations of the extract on calcium oxalate crystallization in vitro while in synthetic urine method the percentage inhibition and grow...

Animal and human studies have provided compelling evidence that colonization of the intestine with Oxalobacter formigenes reduces urinary oxalate excretion and lowers the risk of forming calcium oxalate kidney stones. The mechanism providing protection appears to be related to the unique ability of O. formigenes to rely on oxalate as a major source of carbon and energy for growth. However, much...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Higher levels of urinary oxalate substantially increase the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones. However, the determinants of urinary oxalate excretion are unclear. The objective was to examine the impact of dietary factors, age, body size, diabetes, and urinary factors on 24-h urinary oxalate. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASUREMENTS We conducted a cross-se...