Phosphorothioate (NTPalphaS) analogues were incorporated into the HDV genomic ribozyme by transcription with T7 polymerase. The introduction of a sulfur in place of the pro-Rp oxygen at the phosphate 5'to positions A64, A63, A43, U27, G62, C61, C44, C41, C22and C21appeared to inhibit self-cleavage activity of the G73 genomic ribozyme. Except for position C22, elevated levels of Mg2+rescued the ...

We present a simple algorithm for playing a repeated game. We show that a player using this algorithm suffers average loss that is guaranteed to come close to the minimum loss achievable by any fixed strategy. Our bounds are nonasymptotic and hold for any opponent. The algorithm, which uses the multiplicative-weight methods of Littlestone and Warmuth, is analyzed using the Kullback–Liebler dive...

The present work aims at evaluating temperature dependency of product evolution from pyrolysis of binary mixtures of low density polyethylene (LDPE), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Product distribution studies have been reported for three different mixture compositions (20:80, 50:50, and 80:20) in the temperature range of 300-600oC, for a wide range of hydrocarbon products (C5-C44) and t...

Using a relatively mild restriction on the beliefs of the MMEU − α preference functional, in which the decision maker’s degree of ambiguity and degree of pessimism are each parameterized, we present a rather general theory of religious choice in the decision theory tradition, one that can resolve dilemmas, address the many Gods objection, and address the inherent ambiguity. Using comparative st...

Although not very common, forensic investigation related to projectile ricochet on water can be required when undesirable collateral damage occurs. Predicting the ricochet behavior of a projectile is challenging owing to numerous parameters involved: impact velocity, incident angle, projectile stability, angular velocity, etc. Ricochet characteristics of different projectiles (K50 BMG, 0.5-cal ...

The Hubble Space Telescope has been used to obtain WFPC2 (V, I) photometry for a large sample of stars in the outer halo of the giant elliptical NGC 5128, at a distance 4 Mpc beyond the Local Group. The globular cluster N5128-C44, at the center of the Planetary Camera field, is well enough resolved to permit the construction of a color-magnitude diagram (CMD) for it which covers the brightest t...

The line-focus-beam ultrasonic material characterization (LFB-UMC) system is applied to evaluation of commercial Pyrex glasses (C-7740, Corning Inc.). Twenty-eight specimens were prepared at random from different lots. Velocities of leaky surface acoustic waves (LSAWs), VLSAW, were measured at 225 MHz around 23°C. VLSAW was 3121.85-3149.83 m/s. To understand the velocity variations, bulk acoust...

Assume a set of objects is given with information about their bilateral relationships, allowing for incomplete and multiple comparisons as well as different preference intensities. An axiomatic approach is applied for the problem of ranking the objects. Consistency requires the preservation of relative ranking if two sets of such preferences are aggregated. Self-consistency prohibits to assign ...

“Nudge”-style interventions are typically evaluated on the basis of their effects on behavior, not social welfare. We use a field experiment to measure the welfare effects of one especially policy-relevant intervention, home energy conservation reports. We measure consumer welfare by sending introductory reports and using an incentive-compatible multiple price list to determine willingness-to-p...

The substantially disordered structure of 2-biphenylol [Perrin et al. (1987). Acta Cryst. C43, 980-982; Kapon & Reisner (1988). Acta Cryst. C44, 2039] has been reinvestigated as a function of temperature. The structure was determined at 305, 294, 145 and 90 K; crystals were taken to the lowest temperature both rapidly and slowly (0.1 K min(-1)). The results of the previous room-temperature stud...