Video coding standards have incorporated various error resilience and error concealment tools, yet data losses during video transmission in mobile systems still pose big challenges. Here an approach for error resilience in the application layer is proposed, employing SEC (second error control) with ECC (error correction coding) and some simulation results are presented.

The cause of changes in the wage differential between skilled and unskilled labor has been an important subject of debate for several decades. International trade and productivity growth are two main causes that have been suggested from large country studies. Recent research proposes that education is another influence. All three causes have been significantly associated with Taiwan’s economic ...

Ludwig Lachmann famously stressed that expectations are inherently subjective, resulting in the phenomenon of divergent expectations, i.e., differing interpretations of market conditions on the part of market participants; a phenomenon that, coupled with the ceaseless change characterizing market data, greatly undermines the presence of any process of error correction on the marketplace. This p...

In this paper we determine the minimal number of yes–no queries that are needed to nd an unknown integer between 1 and N , if at most three of the answers are lies. This strategy is also an optimal adaptive strategy for binary three-error-correcting codes. c © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

In this article, we determine the number of yes/no questions required to figure out a birthday (a number between 0 and 31) when up to r incorrect answers to these questions are allowed. In the language of error-correcting codes, we construct optimal (shortest possible length) codes of size 32 and minimal distance d for each positive integer d .

We consider a polynomial regression model, where the covariate is measured with Gaussian errors. The measurement error variance is supposed to be known. The covariate is normally distributed with known mean and variance. Quasi Score (QS) and Corrected Score (CS) are two consistent estimation methods, where the first makes use of the distribution of the covariate (structural method), while the l...

A set of quantum error correcting codes based on classical Reed-Muller codes is described. The codes have parameters [[n, k, d]] = [[2r, 2r −C(r, t)− 2 ∑t−1 i=0 C(r, i), 2 t + 2t−1]]. The study of quantum information is currently stimulating much interest. Most of the basic concepts of classical information theory have counterparts in quantum information theory, and among these is the idea of a...

Soft errors that affect flip-flops are a major issue in advanced electronic circuits. As technology scales, multiple bit errors become more likely. This limits the applicability of traditional protection techniques like triplication with voting or single error correction codes that can correct only one error. Multiple errors tend to affect adjacent bits, and therefore it is interesting to use e...

There is a growing interest in multi-bit Error Correction Codes (ECCs) to protect SRAM memories. This has been caused by the increased number of multiple errors that memories suffer as technology scales. To protect an SRAM memory, an ECC has to be decodable in parallel and with low latency. Among the codes proposed for memory protection are Orthogonal Latin Square (OLS) codes that provide low l...