background: koobideh kebab (barbequed minced meat) is one of the most popular iranian foods. reduction in the water holding capacity (whc) of meat during thermal processing makes the water and melted fat run out of the meat. the fat content of the final product depends on the proportion of the retained moisture and fat. meanwhile, high temperature and the presence of oxygen and iron in meat may...

NADP(+) and its reducing equivalent NADPH are essential for counteracting oxidative damage. Mitochondria are the major source of oxidative stress, since the majority of superoxide is generated from the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Because NADP(+) cannot pass through the mitochondrial membrane, NADP(+) generation within mitochondria is critical. However, only a single human NAD kinase (NADK)...

this study is concerned with the viability of producing biodiesel from waste beef bone fat and evaluate this product according to the quality requirements defined by astm d- 6751. accordingly, beef bone fat was heated to remove the moisture under vacuum at 60 . alkaline catalysed transesterfication was carried out by  using 6:1 molar ratio of ethanol to fat in the presence of 1% w/w sodium hydr...