the discussion between general practitioners (gps) and healthcare delivery organizations necessitates a common language. the presentation of the 4 types of gp’s activities, opens dialogue but can lead to possible misunderstandings between the micro- and macro-level of the healthcare system. this commentary takes 4 examples: costs reduction by p4, priority of beneficence or nonmaleficence, role ...

Simulation is being applied in many very important projects and often it is a vitally important infrastructure for them. Several types of computational intelligence techniques have been part of the abilities of simulation. An important aspect of intelligence is the ability to understand. Agent-directed simulation (ADS) is a comprehensive paradigm to cover all aspects of synergy of software agen...

Accurate characterization of the inner surface X-ray monocapillary optics (XMCO) is great significance in research. Compared with other methods, micro computed tomography (micro-CT) method has its unique advantages but also some disadvantages, such as a long scanning time, image reconstruction and inconvenient process. In this paper, sparse sampling was proposed to shorten GPU acceleration tech...

BACKGROUND: Several molecular classification systems for bladder cancer have been proposed, but due to differences on how define subtypes, controversies and misunderstandings arisen. OBJECTIVE: To discuss different aspects of the point consequences using conceptual approaches. question some underlying assumptions when defining subtypes. METHODS: critically reflect principles methods used RESULT...

BACKGROUND The role of placebos is often misunderstood, leading both to overvaluation and to inappropriate disdain. The effect of a placebo that contains no pharmacologically active substance is often confused with the effect of administration by a physician. The aim of this article is to review the current data on placebos, evaluate these data critically, and provide a well-founded and underst...

Abstract Background Trainee led collaborative research in surgery has become widely accepted and highly effective the UK last decade. SUNRRISE is first trainee delivered randomised controlled trial to run across Australia. an international, multi-centre, devised, trial, funded by NIHR (UK) MRFF (Australia). It investigates whether a Single Use Negative Pressure Device (SUNPD) reduces risk of su...