Existing automatic building extraction methods are not effective in extracting buildings which are small in size and have transparent roofs. The application of large area threshold prohibits detection of small buildings and the use of ground points in generating the building mask prevents detection of transparent buildings. In addition, the existing methods use numerous parameters to extract bu...

The advent of Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) technique provides a promising resource for three-dimensional building detection. Most current methods commonly fuse LIDAR data with other multi-spectral images to help remove vegetation based on NDVI or other vegetation indices; however, the fusing process may cause errors that are introduced by resolution differences, geo-referencing, time dif...

we consider the problem of continuous dynamic berth allocation to containerships in a tidal seaport. in some container ports, low water depth in coastal area causes many restrictions on providing vessel's services. therefore, berth allocation planning for relatively large vessels with high draft is subject to tidal conditions when the vessels are in the access channel as from anchorage are...

A combination of high performance size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector and ultraviolet detector coupled with peak-fitting technique and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectrometry applied fluorescence regional integration method was conducted to determine the characteristics of organic matter during nitrification. The batch scale of bionet nitrification without or...

Evaluation of the excavation-induced ground movements is an important design aspect of supporting system in urban areas. This evaluation process is more critical to the old buildings or sensitive structures which exist in the excavation-affected zone. Frame distortion and crack generation are predictor, of building damage resulted from excavation-induced ground movements, which pose challenges ...