The cystine/glutamate exchanger (system xc (-)) mediates the transport of cystine into the cell in exchange for glutamate. By releasing glutamate, system xc (-) can potentially cause excitotoxicity. However, through providing cystine to the cell, it regulates the levels of cellular glutathione (GSH), the main endogenous intracellular antioxidant, and may protect cells against oxidative stress. ...

BACKGROUND Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a chronic, poorly understood psycho-endocrine disorder severely affecting 5%; of women. Hormonal therapy which suppresses ovulation is the mainstay of medical treatment, but these interventions are rarely permanent. We evaluated the effectiveness and patient satisfaction with total abdominal hysterectomy/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH/BSO) in PMS ...

This study was performed to determine whether depletion of myocardial glutathione would impair recovery of left ventricular function of blood-perfused, isolated hearts after reversible ischaemic injury. Cats were treated with either vehicle or buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione. The feline iso...

The mechanism of apoptosis induced by treatment with As2O3 alone or in combination with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) was studied in NB4, U937, Namalwa, and Jurkat cells. As2O3 at concentrations <2 Mmol/L induced apoptosis in NB4 cells and Namalwa cells but not in U937 and Jurkat cells. As2O3-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells and Namalwa cells correlated with increase of H2O2 and caspase activation...

Children with aggressive neural tumors have poor survival rates and novel therapies are needed. Previous studies have identified nifurtimox and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) as effective agents in children with neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. We hypothesized that nifurtimox would be effective against other neural tumor cells and would be synergistic with BSO. We determined neural tumor cell v...

Decreased cellular GSH content is a common finding in experimental and human diabetes, in which increased oxidative stress appears to occur. Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a causative role in the development of impaired insulin action on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In this study we undertook to investigate the potential of GSH depletion to induce insulin resistance, by util...

The role of antioxidants in maintaining the functional integrity of adrenocortical cells during in vitro exposure to endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aminotriazole (ATA), an inhibitor of catalase (CAT), L-buthionine sulfoximine (L-BSO), an inhibitor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a glutathione precurs...

objective(s): buthionine sulfoximine (bso) inhibits synthesis of glutathione as the main intracellular antioxidant. the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of bso-induced oxidative stress on histological structure of testis, testosterone secretion and semen parameters. materials and methods: thirty male balb/c mice were divided into 3 groups. in control group, the mice did not...

The mechanism of apoptosis induced by treatment with As(2)O(3) alone or in combination with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) was studied in NB4, U937, Namalwa, and Jurkat cells. As(2)O(3) at concentrations <2 micromol/L induced apoptosis in NB4 cells and Namalwa cells but not in U937 and Jurkat cells. As(2)O(3)-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells and Namalwa cells correlated with increase of H(2)O(2) an...