The facial action coding system (FACS) was used to examine recognition rates in 105 healthy young men and women who viewed 128 facial expressions of posed and evoked happy, sad, angry and fearful emotions in color photographs balanced for gender and ethnicity of poser. Categorical analyses determined the specificity of individual action units for each emotion. Relationships between recognition ...

Dermoid cysts are congenital hamartomas probably deriving from anomalous developmental inclusion of embryonic epidermis along embryonic cleft closure lines.1 Their most common sites are the lateral ends of the eyebrows and along the midline in the nasal root; the neck; and the sublingual, sternal, perineal, scrotal, and sacral areas.1 Often seen from as far medially as the mid third of the brow...

Surgical eyebrow lift has been described by using many different open and endoscopic methods. Difficult techniques and only short time benefits oft lead to patients' complaints. We present a safe and simple temporal Z-incision technique for eyebrow lift in 37 patients. Besides simplicity and safety, our technique shows long lasting aesthetic results with hidden scars and a high rate of patient ...

ConCluSion: Both loco-regional-, as well as distant tissue transfers have their role in beard reconstruction, while pre-expansion remains an invaluable tool. Paying attention to the presented principles and keeping the importance of aesthetic facial subunits in mind, range of motion, aesthetics and patient satisfaction were improved long-term in all our patients, while minimizing donor site mor...

Objective: To discuss indications for direct brow lifting, patient selection, aesthetic considerations, and the risks of surgery in context author’s preferred technique. Design: Review literature description surgical decision-making Conclusions: Direct lifting is effective some instances procedure lifting. With a careful, honest discussion about risks, benefits, alternatives to patients general...