two experiments were conducted to determine threonine (thr) requirements of two commercial strains, ross 308 and cobb 500, based on standardized ileal digestibility from 15 to 28d of age. basal diet consisted of wheat, triticale, and corn gluten meal was formulated according to quick chick (2006) to be adequate in all nutrients except for thr. incremental levels of supplemental thr were added t...

previous studies on etiology of squamous cell carcinoma (scc) of the tongue have reported results with respect to long term exposure to cigarette smoking and alcohol abuse. the aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for scc of the tongue in a set of patients with minimum exposure to cigarette smoking and alcohol. sixty four cases with diagnosis of oral tongue scc were reviewed in thi...

A broken triangle is a pattern of (in)compatibilities between assignments in a binary CSP (constraint satisfaction problem). In the absence of certain broken triangles, satisfiability-preserving domain reductions are possible via merging of domain values. We investigate the possibility of maximising the number of domain reduction operations by the choice of the order in which they are applied, ...

Although it is common to describe experiences of social rejection or loss with words typically reserved for physical pain, the idea that these social experiences might actually be experienced as painful seems more far-fetched. However, accumulating evidence demonstrates that social pain—the painful feelings following social rejection or loss—may rely on pain-related neural circuitry. Here, I su...

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The origin of terrestrial tetrapods was a key event in vertebrate evolution, yet how and when it occurred remains obscure, due to scarce fossil evidence. Here, we show that the study of palaeopathologies, such as broken and healed bones, can help elucidate poorly understood behavioural transitions such as this. Using high-resolution finite element analysis, we demonstrate that the oldest known ...

Cyclic stresses applied to bones generate fatigue damage that affects the bone stiffness and its elastic modulus. This paper proposes a finite element model for the prediction of fatigue damage accumulation and failure in cancellous bone at continuum scale. The model is based on continuum damage mechanics and incorporates crack closure effects in compression. The propagation of the cracks is co...

Very little is known about Neanderthal cultures, particularly early ones. Other than lithic implements and exceptional bone tools, very few artefacts have been preserved. While those that do remain include red and black pigments and burial sites, these indications of modernity are extremely sparse and few have been precisely dated, thus greatly limiting our knowledge of these predecessors of mo...