Organic farming has been on an upward trend in recent years. However, the manures used like broiler litter have variable nutrient content, making it important to establish optimal application rate, for maximum crop yield and quality. Additionally, some states like Alabama restricts the amount of broiler litter to control excessive nutrients accumulation which can lead to surface and ground wate...

Increased susceptibility of birds to avian pathogens in intensive husbandry system has emphasized on necessity of improvement of innate and specific immune responses of birds by the fast establishment of a beneficial microflora and immune stimulator factors to guarantee healthy and low-price products. During this study, 192 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross-380) in four groups with three replica...

Globally, village chicken is popular and known as a premium meat with higher price. Food fraud can occur by selling other breeds at price in local markets. This study aimed to distinguish from available the market, namely, colored broiler (Hubbard), (Cobb), spent laying hen (Dekalb) pectoralis major serum under commercial conditions using an untargeted metabolomics approach. Both were analyzed ...

Among chickens, meat-producing broiler strains are highly prone to develop severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) that is accompanied by endothelial dysfunction in the conduit extrapulmonary arteries. We hypothesized that exposure to chronic prenatal mild hypoxia would accelerate PH and endothelial dysfunction in smaller intrapulmonary arteries from broiler chickens. Fertilized broiler and layer (W...

Welfare problems, such as hunger, frustration, aggression, and abnormal sexual behavior, are commonly found in broiler breeder production. To prevent or reduce these welfare problems, it has been suggested to provide stimulating enriched environments. We review the effect of the different types of environmental enrichment for broiler breeders, which have been described in the scientific literat...

T single-product firms with different quality levels and fixed limited capacities engage in sequential price competition in an essentially deterministic model where customers have heterogeneous valuations for both products. We develop conditions under which the leader (she) can take strategic advantage of her limited capacity by pricing relatively low, purposefully creating shortages and leavin...

A commonly observed two-stage pricing strategy for a custom-made product involves a prepurchase entry fee for a potential consumer and a purchase price if he decides to buy the product. We solve and compare two settings: In the first, the firm does not commit in advance to the second-stage price and in the second, the firm does. We show that without a commitment mechanism, the two price points ...

Training on broiler cultivation in Independent Livestock Groups is carried out with the aim that livestock groups understand techniques, namely breeding, feeding and management, so as to produce optimal production increase economic income of groups.The main problem often faced by breeders, especially city Ternate, high price feed limited availability, many farmers are business.Through this acti...

This pilot analysis was conducted with data from 52 conventional grow-out broiler flocks in a prospective field observational study in the southeastern United States during 2003-2006. Each flock was sampled for Salmonella 1 wk before the end of grow-out, upon arrival at the processing plant, and during processing (prior to and immediately after carcass chilling). The broiler litter was sampled ...

Broiler meat can become contaminated with Campylobacter of intestinal origin during processing. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of Campylobacter in broiler flocks and meat contamination at retail shops, and determine the influence of semi-automated and wet market processing on Campylobacter contamination of neck skin samples. Samples were collected from semi-automated plants ...