An important issue in the use of expert sys­ tems is the so-called brittleness problem. Ex­ pert systems model only a limited part of the world. While the explicit management of uncertainty in expert systems mitigates the brittleness problem, it is still possible for a system to be used, unwittingly, in ways that the system is not prepared to address. Such a situation may be detected by the met...

Representing knowledge as high-dimensional vectors in a continuous semantic vector space can help overcome the brittleness and incompleteness of traditional knowledge bases. We present a method for performing deductive reasoning directly in such a vector space, combining analogy, association, and deduction in a straightforward way at each step in a chain of reasoning, drawing on knowledge from ...

Magnesium Sulfate-doped L-Leucinium oxalate (MSLO) single crystal was grown using slow evaporation method. Structure of the determined by single-crystal X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Lattice parameters MSLO were determined. Optical transmittance study done to find various linear optical like band gap, reflectance, refractive index, absorption coefficient, extinction conductivity. Vickers Micro hardn...