OBJECTIVES This systematic literature review discusses the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A (Botox) intradetrusor injections in adults with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) and urinary incontinence or overactive bladder symptoms of neurogenic origin (NOAB). METHODS A MEDLINE and EMBASE search for clinical studies with botulinum toxin A injected into the detrusor of adults w...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the longitudinal effects of botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injections on voice-related quality of life (V-RQOL) for patients with adductory spasmodic dysphonia. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Academic tertiary care referral center. PARTICIPANTS Forty-two patients who presented to our institution with dysphonia and were diagnosed as having adductory spasmodic dy...

Several recent studies have examined whether patient description of headache “direction” may predict treatment response, specifically to onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injections. The association between headache directionality and response to Botox was first published in a triple-blinded prospective and retrospective study in 2006.1 This study examined a variety of neurologic symptoms associated w...

Most individuals use Botox because it reduces facial wrinkles and is recognised as a therapy for migraine patients. Middle-aged young women are the most common users. Nearly 10% of people worldwide suffer from symptoms, which among [1].

Many attempts have been made to improve wound healing using growth factors and a large array of medications. This study reexamined the effect of Botox on second degree burn wound in rats. Histological alterations and temporal evolution of two cytokines TGFβ1, and TNF-α were assessed in presence and absence of Botox. Fifty adult Sprague Dawley rats were used; one group was injected 10 units of B...

INTRODUCTION Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is the treatment of choice for many neurologic movement disorders, including blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and cervical dystonia. There are two serotypes approved for use by the US Food and Drug Administration: three brands of serotype A and one of serotype B. Many attempts have been made at establishing dose conversion ratios between brands and serotypes....