Osteoclasts are giant bone-resorbing cells originating from monocytes/macrophages. During their differentiation, they overexpress two lysosomal enzymes, cathepsin K and TRAP, which are secreted into the resorption lacuna, an acidified sealed area in contact with bone matrix where bone degradation takes place. Here we report that the acid hydrolase HYAL1, a hyaluronidase able to degrade the glyc...

Taphonomic processes affecting bone post mortem are important in forensic, archaeological and palaeontological investigations. In this study, the application of tissue microarray (TMA) analysis to a sample of femoral bone specimens from 20 exhumed individuals of known period of burial and age at death is described. TMA allows multiplexing of subsamples, permitting standardized comparative analy...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We conducted this retrospective study to evaluate the clinical, neuroradiological, and neurophysiological findings in patients with pure sensory stroke due to pontine lacuna. SUMMARY OF REPORT Four patients with pontine lacuna, three men and one woman (mean age, 64.5 years; range, 55 to 75 years), were evaluated. Magnetic resonance images were obtained with a 0.5-T supe...

Three-dimensional hierarchical structure of female Sprague-Dawley rat tibia cortical 11 bone was characterized as a function of age (3, 12, 32, 42, 60, and 72 weeks) using a high 12 resolution micro-computed tomography. At the whole bone level, 3 week samples exhibited 13 statistically significant differences in a mean total tissue volume, mean cortical bone volume, 14 mean cortical bone volume...

A multilevel finite element approach is applied to predict local cell deformations in bone tissue. The loads applied to a whole femur during the stance phase of the gait cycle were related to the strain at the level of a single lacuna and of canaliculi. Cell deformations were predicted from detailed linear FE analysis of the microstructure, consisting of an arrangement of cells embedded in bone...

Cartilage Tissue Engineering In article number 2212114, Wenguo Cui, Qi Gu, Ming-Zhu Zhang, and co-workers introduce novel cartilage lacuna-inspired microcarriers with geometric constraints to repress chondrocyte dedifferentiation by inhibiting Wnt signaling. The biomimetic display favorable cytocompatibility drive robust hyaline chondrocyte-derived neocartilage formation. This study paves the w...

Many aquatic animals deposit fertilized eggs in adherent clutches or gelatinous masses. Egg aggregation carries certain risks, including the potential for inadequate oxygen supply to embryos. Physical and biological conditions alter such risks. We examined the effects of light levels and associated photosynthetic organisms on the distribution of oxygen inside gelatinous egg masses of four tempe...

Three-dimensional hierarchical structure of female Sprague-Dawley rat tibia cortical bone was characterized as a function of age (3, 12, 32, 42, 60, and 72 wk) using a high-resolution micro-computed tomography. At the whole bone level, 3-wk samples exhibited statistically significant differences in a mean total tissue volume, mean cortical bone volume, mean cortical bone volume density, mean pe...