The arterial blood gases is one of the most important investigation for assessment of clinical oxygenation and acid-base status in critically ill patients. It provides us with information about ventilation, oxygenation and acid-base status, the three closely interrelated physiology parameters, which maintain the pH homeostasis. Its correct interpretation and application necessitates the knowled...

Breath possesses unique advantages as a specimen for clinical chemical analyses, including the continuous equilibrium of gases and volatile substances between expired alveolar air and the pulmonary blood circulation. Substances amenable to analysis in breath include 02, C02, CO,and other gases, volatile organic compounds, and many drugs with sufficiently high vapor pressures at physiological te...

The present investigation was designed to quantitatively assess the possible influence of countercurrent exchange on passive absorption from the small intestine of the dog. Villus blood flow was measured with a modification of the microsphere method. Simultaneously, the absorption from the gut lumen of five diffusible gases (H2, He, CH4, 133Xe, and CO) was determined. Villus blood flow averaged...

Measuring soluble gas in the exhaled breath is a non-invasive technique used to estimate levels of respiratory, solvent, and metabolic gases. The interpretation of these measurements is based on the assumption that the measured gases exchange in the alveoli. While the respiratory gases have a low blood-solubility and exchange in the alveoli, high blood-soluble gases exchange in the airways. The...

The various methods described in recent years for determining the cardiac output of man consist essentially either 1, in an application of the Fick principle, or 2, in measuring the rate with which either a normally present gas (nitrogen) or a foreign gas (nitrous oxide, ethyl iodide or ethylene) is exchanged during the passage of the blood through the lungs. Results obtained by the carbon diox...

CONTENTS. PAGE I. Principles of construction and use of the manometric apparatus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523 II. Details of apparatus.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527 III. Details of general technique.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 IV. Calculation............