Analysis of nascent heavy chains isolated from MPC11 (gamma 2b heavy chains) and MOPC 21 (gamma 1 heavy chains) mouse myeloma cells demonstrates an accumulation of nascent heavy chains which are slightly smaller in mass (approximately 35,000 daltons) than nascent heavy chains which have just been glycosylated (approximately 38,000 daltons). The accumulation of 35,000-dalton nascent heavy chain ...

We propose a decentralized cryptocurrency based on a block-chain ledger similar to that of Bitcoin, but where the extremely wasteful proofs of work are replaced by proofs of space, recently introduced by Dziembowski et al. (CRYPTO 2015). Instead of requiring that a majority of the computing power is controlled by honest miners (as in Bitcoin), our currency requires that honest miners dedicate m...

Background Bitcoin, a peer-to-peer electronic currency, is a distributed ledger system (Nakamoto 2009). Every transaction is broadcast and verified by all nodes in the network through a particular consensus mechanism (Bonneau et al. 2015; Yermack 2013). Every node collects transactions in a block and the block is associated with a difficult mathematical problem. Solving that problem is called m...

Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is a versatile technique to achieve a wide range of polymeric nanoparticle morphologies. Most previous examples of self-assembled soft nanoparticle synthesis by PISA rely on a growing solvophobic polymer block that leads to changes in nanoparticle architecture during polymerization in a selective solvent. However, synthesis of block copolymers with a ...

The synthesis of fluorinated dual-responsive block terpolymers via sequential reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is presented.

Formalization of mathematical theories is a time consuming process for which there is currently little reward. We describe how block chain technology can be used to support the formalization of mathematics by encouraging and rewarding useful work while discouraging repeating the work of others. The block chain will contain a record of definitions made and propositions proven. In addition the bl...

Biocompatible and biodegradable block copolymers (BBCPs) containing crystalline blocks become increasingly important in polymer science, and have great potential applications in polymer materials. Crystallization in polymers is accompanied by the adoption of an extended conformation, or often by chain folding. It is important to distinguish between crystallization in homopolymers and in block c...

In this paper, we study Markov chains with in nite state block-structured transition matrices, whose states are partitioned into levels according to the block structure, and various associated measures. Roughly speaking, these measures involve rst passage times or expected numbers of visits to certain levels without hitting other levels; they are very important and often play a key role in the ...

Because of the great advance in multimedia technology, digital multimedia is vulnerable to malicious manipulations. In this paper, a public key self-recovery block-based video authentication technique is proposed which can not only precisely localize the alteration detection but also recover the missing data with high reliability. In the proposed block-based technique, multiple description codi...