This study was performed  in second half of year 2009.For bird counting , monthly from Septamber until March 2009. Total counted birds in Maroon lake were (971). Maximum number of counted birds was in February  (191) and minimum of counted was in Septamber (95). Total counted birds in Jaizan were (385. Maximum number of the counted bird was in February (84) and minimum of counted (52) was in Ja...

Due to their worldwide importance for human and animal health, schistosomes are in the focus of national and international research activities. Schistosomiasis is a major health problem and despite decades of research, only one effective drug, Praziquantel is currently available. Recent expansion of sequence databases on Schistosoma mansoni and S. japonicum has permitted a wealth of novel prote...

This study was performed  in second half of year 2009.For bird counting , monthly from Septamber until March 2009. Total counted birds in Maroon lake were (971). Maximum number of counted birds was in February  (191) and minimum of counted was in Septamber (95). Total counted birds in Jaizan were (385. Maximum number of the counted bird was in February (84) and minimum of counted (52) was in Ja...

Schistosomiasis japonicum is one of the most severe zoonotic diseases in China. Water buffalo and yellow cattle are important reservoir hosts and the main transmission sources of Schistosoma japonicum in endemic areas. The susceptibility of these two hosts to schistosome infection is different, as water buffaloes are less susceptible to S. japonicum than yellow cattle. In this study, iTRAQ-coup...

Genome sequences for Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mansoni are now available. The schistosome genome encodes ~13,000 protein encoding genes for which the function of only a minority is understood. There is a valuable role for transgenesis in functional genomic investigations of these new schistosome gene sequences. In gain-of-function approaches, transgenesis can lead to integration of ...

Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized enzymatically by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Several groups have previously presented evidence for NOS activity and immunoreactivity in several parasitic platyhelminths, including schistosomes. Here, we use 4,5-diaminofluorescein-2 diacetate (DAF-2 DA), a fluorescent indicator of NO, to detect NO in living schistosomes. In adult worms, DAF-2 fluorescence is fou...

In the present study, the potency and immunogenicity of the inactivated bivalent vaccine of Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) produced by Razi institute in Iran were compared with a similar imported vaccine administered by standard methods to specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken. A total of 150 twenty-one-day-old SPF chickens were used for evaluating Razi and imported inactivated ...