We reconstituted prepro-alpha-factor translocation and signal peptide processing using a yeast microsomal detergent soluble fraction formed into vesicles with soybean phospholipids. Reconstituted translocation required ATP, and was deficient when sec63 and kar2 (BiP) mutant cells were used as a source of membranes. Normal translocation was observed with vesicles reconstituted from a mixture of ...

Proteins of the Hsp70 family of ATPases, such as BiP, function together with J proteins to bind polypeptides in numerous cellular processes. Using a solid phase binding assay, we demonstrate that a conserved segment of the J proteins, the J domain, catalytically activates BiP molecules to bind peptides in its immediate vicinity. The J domain interacts with the ATP form of BiP and stimulates hyd...

Bax is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, and plays a central role in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Several lines of evidence have implied that Bax is involved in both epithelial apoptosis and fibroblast proliferation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; however, the mechanisms remain unknown. Bax-inhibiting peptide V5 (BIP-V5) exhibits membrane permeability and inhibits t...

In prostate cancer, oxidative stress and the subsequent Nrf2 activation promote the survival of cancer cells and acquired chemoresistance. Nrf2 links prostate cancer to endoplasmic reticulum stress, an event that triggers the unfolded protein response, aiming to restore cellular homeostasis as well as an adaptive survival mechanism. Glucose-regulated protein of 78 kD /immunoglobulin heavy chain...

This paper studies a general methodology and an associated tool for translating AADL (Architecture Analysis and Design Language) and annex behavior specification into the BIP (Behavior Interaction Priority) language. This allows simulation of systems specified in AADL and application to these systems of formal verification techniques developed for BIP, e.g. deadlock detection. We present a conc...

Verification and validation techniques have become popular in software and hardware development. They increase the confidence and potentially provide rich feedback on errors. However, with increasing complexity verification and validation techniques are more likely to contain errors themselves. In this paper we address the problem of guaranteeing the correctness of validation work with respect ...

Solubility and permeability of nitrofurantoin (NITRO) were compared with those its cocrystals containing isoniazid (ISO), bipyridyl (BIP), or phenanthroline (PHE) as coformers, their parent mixtures. NITRO dissolution profiles evaluated via HPLC; we resorted to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations rationalize the experimental data on basis nitrofurantoin–coformers nitrofurantoin–water intermolec...

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress, caused by disturbance in ER homeostasis, has been implicated in several pathological conditions such as ischemic injury, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic diseases and more recently in inflammatory conditions. Our present study aims at understanding the role of ER stress in endothelial cell (EC) inflammation, a critical event in the pathogenesis of acute ...

Cancer cells require the regulation of organelle-specific unfolded protein responses, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, because of their increased metabolic activity during rapid proliferation and cell growth, which are executed through the activation of diverse signaling pathways. In this study, we focused on the dynamic regulation of ER stress in accordance with cancer cellular deman...

Diorganozinc compounds (ZnR2) with R = CH2Ph or CH2CH=CH2 react with 2,6-bisiminopyridines ((iPr)BIP) to afford thermally stable dihydropyridinate(-1) complexes, and do not react if R = CH2SiMe3 or CH2CMe2Ph. NMR studies reveal that dibenzylzinc binds (iPr)BIP at -80 °C, yielding the unstable complex [Zn(CH2Ph)2((iPr)BIP)]. Above -20 °C, this undergoes selective alkyl migration to the remote 4 ...