Microspheres constitute an important part of novel drug delivery system by virtue of their small size and efficient carrier capacity. Due to their short residence time, bioadhesive characteristics can be coupled to microspheres to develop mucoadhesive microspheres. Bioadhesion can be defined as the state in which two materials, at least one of which is biological in nature, are held together fo...

The objective of the study was to develop a suitable trans-dermal delivery system for propranolol hydrochloride (PPL) via employing chitosan as a film former. Drug concentration uniformity, thickness, moisture uptake capacity and skin bioadhesion of the films were characterized. The effects of chitosan and PPL concentration and different penetration enhancers on the release and permeation profi...

Carbomers are carboxyvinylic derivatives that are widely used in the manufacture of hydrogel dosage forms. Because of their anionic nature and large number of acid groups, they tend to interact with cationic substances, and with other hydrophilic polymers containing alcohol groups. Here, we report a study of interactions between the carbomer Carbopol and the cationic drug propranolol hydrochlor...

The primary goal of bioadhesive controlled drug delivery is to localize a delivery device within the body to enhance the drug absorption process in a site-specific manner. Bioadhesion is affected by the synergistic action of the biological environment, the properties of the polymeric controlled release device, and the presence of the drug itself. The delivery site and the device design are dict...

Microspheres are multiparticulate drug delivery systems that distribute medications at a predetermined rate to specific region. free-flowing powders manufactured from biodegradable proteins or synthetic polymers, with particle sizes ranging 1 1000 micrometers. Benefits of using microspheres in medication delivery, bone tissue manufacture, and pollutant absorption desorption by regeneration .The...

Mucoadhesion is a newstrategy to prolong the residence time of various drugs. The capability to adhere to the mucus gel layer which covers the epithelial tissues makes such mucoadhesive polymers very useful excipients in drug delivery.The oral mucosa is highly perfused with blood vessels, hence therapeutic concentrations of the drug can be achieved rapidly. Mucoadhesion is known to increase the...

   Prolonged residence of drug formulation in the nasal cavity is important for the enhancing intranasal drug delivery. The objective of the present study was to develop a mucoadhesive in-situ gelling nasal insert which would enable the reduced nasal mucociliary clearance in order to improve the bioavailability of metoclopramide hydrochloride. Metoclopramide hydrochloride is a potent antiemetic...