Exposure to 0.5% N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), 2% NaOH-NAC, or benzalkonium chloride in trisodium phosphate (Zephiran-TSP) was toxic for Nocardia isolates. The number of viable Nocardia cells in a standardized suspension was reduced by 10(2) to 10(6) after a 30-min exposure to 2% NaOH-NAC and by 10(4) or more after a 30-min treatment with Zephiran-TSP.

Two different cadA cadmium resistance determinants (cadA1, first identified in Tn5422, and cadA2, associated with pLM80) were detected among cadmium-resistant Listeria monocytogenes strains from turkey processing plants. Prevalence of cadA1 versus cadA2 was serotype associated. Cadmium-resistant isolates that were also resistant to benzalkonium chloride (BC) were more likely to harbor cadA2 alo...

The survival of microorganisms of the Mycobacterium avium, M. intracellulare, and M. scrofulaceum (MAIS) complex was evaluated after various soil and water decontamination regimens. Survival was reduced by growing cells in natural waters compared with laboratory media and by inclusion of malachite green in media as an antifungal agent. Decontamination with benzalkonium chloride, while reducing ...

Purpose: Compared to the well-documented cytotoxic quaternary ammonium Benzalkonium chloride (BAK), Polyquaternium-1 (PQ) is proposed to be safer for the ocular surface. Using an established acute rabbit toxicological model, we tested the toxicological profiles of three topical antiglaucoma treatments: two commercially available fixed combinations of latanoprost/timolol containing 0.020% BAK (l...

XALATAN Sterile Ophthalmic Solution (latanoprost ophthalmic solution) is supplied as a sterile, isotonic, buffered aqueous solution of latanoprost with a pH of approximately 6.7 and an osmolality of approximately 267 mOsmol/kg. Each mL of XALATAN contains 50 micrograms of latanoprost. Benzalkonium chloride, 0.02% is added as a preservative. The inactive ingredients are: sodium chloride, sodium ...

Background Colloidal silica is an inorganic substance widely used as excipient in pharmaceutical preparation. It acts as a vehicule to increase the absorption of many oral drug formulations. Many excipients have been reported to induce drug hypersensitivity such as tartrazine, aspartame, benzalkonium chloride, sodium metabisulphite, propyl gallate. However, colloidal silica has never been repor...

Methods Alcohol proportion and bactericidal agents (e.g. CHG (chlorhexidine gluconate), BAC (benzalkonium chloride), PHMB and OCT (Octenidine)) were compared to determine suitability for surgical hand antisepsis. PHMB-containing handrub was then tested in accordance with European Norm (EN). To further evaluate the hand antiseptics or bactericidal agents, their cytotoxicity was investigated with...

We have shown that the bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents edetic acid and benzaLkonium chloride present in nebuliser solutions may cause bronchoconstriction when inhaled by asthmatic patients and suggested that this may account for some of the pardoxical bronchoconstriction that occurs after inhalation ofnebulised bronchodilator aerosols. ' As antibacterial agents may be removed from nebuli...