Abstarct Background: Base deficit is a non-respiratory indicator of acid base status that evaluates the severity of shock at the cellular level. Base deficit results from cellular metabolism of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions. In this situation, base deficit is a sensitive marker of the magnitude of anaerobic metabolism and tissue oxygen deficit [1]. Several studies have shown a strong pos...

Carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to environmental water pH (pHw) step changes from 7.4 to 5.1, 5.1 to 4.0 and 4.0 to 3.5 pH, PCO2, PO2 and lactate in dorsal aortic blood, [Na+], [K+] and [Cl-] in dorsal aortic plasma, base loss, and ammonia excretion were determined as a function of time after each pHw step change. At pHw 5.1 the measured blood acid-base and electrolyte parameters remained e...

Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document specifies Protocol...

Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document specifies Protocol...

The arterial blood gases is one of the most important investigation for assessment of clinical oxygenation and acid-base status in critically ill patients. It provides us with information about ventilation, oxygenation and acid-base status, the three closely interrelated physiology parameters, which maintain the pH homeostasis. Its correct interpretation and application necessitates the knowled...

Relative consumption effects or status concerns that feature jealousy (in the sense of Dupor and Liu, AER 2003) boost consumption expenditure. If consumption is financed by labour income, such status considerations increase labour supply and, hence, the tax base. A higher taxable income, in turn, can make tax evasion more attractive. We show for various specifications of preferences that the ta...

Management Information Base for Frame Relay DTEs Status of this Memo This RFC specifies an IAB standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "IAB Official Protocol Standards" for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This m...

in this paper, the concept of {sl local base with  stratifiedstructure} in $i$-topological vector spaces is introduced. weprove that every $i$-topological vector space has a balanced localbase with stratified structure. furthermore, a newcharacterization of $i$-topological vector spaces by means of thelocal base with stratified structure is given.

abstarct background: base deficit is a non-respiratory indicator of acid base status that evaluates the severity of shock at the cellular level. base deficit results from cellular metabolism of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions. in this situation, base deficit is a sensitive marker of the magnitude of anaerobic metabolism and tissue oxygen deficit [1]. several studies have shown a strong posi...