The recent achievement in the simulation study of multi-scale interaction among MHD, turbulence and transport is reported. Firstly, we discuss the formation and collapse of Internal Transport Barrier (ITB) in Tokamaks. The meso-scale structures are generated by three-wave interaction among drift wave turbulence. These structures interact each other, which generate the global mode around barrier...

There is growing consensus that genome organization and long-range gene regulation involves partitioning of the genome into domains of distinct epigenetic chromatin states. Chromatin insulator or barrier elements are key components of these processes as they can establish boundaries between chromatin states. The ability of elements such as the paradigm beta-globin HS4 insulator to block the ran...

A system of barrier islands and back-barrier bays occurs along southern Long Island, New York, and in many coastal areas worldwide. Characterizing the bay physical response to water level fluctuations is needed to understand flooding during extreme events and evaluate their relation to geomorphological changes. Offshore sea level is one of the main drivers of water level fluctuations in semienc...

The Solitary Islands Marine Park in northern New South Wales hosts eastern Australia’s southernmost coastal population of the giant clam Tridacna maxima. This small population of clams was monitored and measured over a 12-yr period to determine patterns of distribution, dynamics and growth rates. Most (31) of the 40 specimens found were present at the most offshore location (North Solitary Isla...

Invasion is an important microbial virulence strategy to overcome the barrier formed by polarized epithelial cells. Salmonella enterica is a food-borne pathogen that deploys a type III secretion system for the manipulation of the actin cytoskeleton and to trigger internalization into epithelial cells. Here we show that this function is not sufficient to enter polarized cells and report that pen...

Internal transport barriers (ITB's) observed in tokamaks are described by a purely magnetic approach. Magnetic line motion in toroidal geometry with broken magnetic surfaces is studied from a previously derived Hamiltonian map in situation of incomplete chaos. This appears to reproduce in a realistic way the main features of a tokamak, for a given safety factor profile and in terms of a single ...

Vegetation changes of tropical Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area, Australia) over the last 8000 years are derived from palaeoenvironmental analysis of a 475 cm long sediment core. During early-Holocene sea-level rise, flooding of the continental shelf and thus isolation of Lizard Island, the pollen record shows the gradual establishment of a mangrove forest paralleled by con...