introduction: low quality and short shelf-life are the most important reasons for bread waste. statistics show that each iranian person consumes about 150 kg bread annually, but the low quality of bread and public discontent, would resultin 30 percent waste of traditional breads. previously barley malt was used as an additive to improve the quality and shelf life of bread (including barbari bre...

One of the earliest biotechnological processes is brewing, which uses conventional raw materials like barley malt and, to a lesser extent, wheat malt. Today, adjuncts are used in brewing 85–90% world’s beer, with significant regional differences. The results this study’s were compared those beer made only from malted barley. Malted and unmalted sorghum suggested for use brewing. In order improv...

Brewing is among the oldest biotechnological processes, in which barley malt and—to a lesser extent—wheat are used as conventional raw materials. Worldwide, 85–90% of beer production now produced with adjuvants, wide variations on different continents. This review proposes use two other cereals materials manufacture beer, corn and sorghum, highlighting advantages it recommends this regard disad...

Beer is a complex alcoholic beverage made from barley (malt), hop, water and yeast. Phenolic constituents of beer are derived from malt (70-80%) and hop (20-30%). Structural classes include simple phenols, benzoic- and cinnamic acid derivatives, coumarins, catechins, di-, tri- and oligomeric proanthocyanidins, (prenylated) chalcones and flavonoids as well as alpha- and iso-alpha-acids derived f...

Gushing of beer is characterised by the fact that immediately after opening a bottle a great number of fine bubbles are created throughout the volume of beer and ascend quickly under foam formation, which flows out of the bottle. This infuriating gushing phenomenon has been, and still is, a problem of world-wide importance to the brewing industry. It is generally assumed that the causes of malt...