Tommy Firman is a senior lecturer in and past chair of the Department of Regional and City Planning at the Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB),Indonesia. He holds a Ph.D. in Urban and Population Geography from the University of Hawaii and a SPURS (Special Program for Urban and Regional Studies) Diploma from Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (MIT). He has also served as an Associate Dean of...

Gunung Wayang area is located inthe upstream part of the Citarum river basin. Forest preservation in upper watershed very important to maintain its sustainability. However, along with increasing population and demand for land, forest faces threats disturbances from various deforestation activities, such as encroachment, illegal logging, land conversion, which then worsening condition watershed....

In dynamical systems examples are common in which two or more attractors coexist, and in such cases the basin boundary is nonempty and the basins often have fractal basin boundaries. The purpose of this paper is to describe the structure and properties of unbounded basins and their boundaries for two-dimensional diffeomorphisms. Frequently, if not always, there is a periodic saddle on the bound...

[1] Among countries with river basin organizations to manage their water resources, Spain’s experience is one of the longest. One of the first basin agencies established in Spain was for the Guadalquivir River in the south. A case study of that river basin and its management indicates how basin management is shaped by political economy factors such as the historical path of the agency’s evoluti...

New data on the distribution of fossil fish together with floral and tetrapod evidence are used to develop an internal correlation of the strata of the early Mesozoic Newark Supergroup of eastern North America. Within the Newark, we recognize five informal biostratigraphic zones, each characterized by a particular fish fauna. These fish zones are then related to other Mesozoic freshwater deposi...

Large closed basins are often associated with regions of active tectonics. In contrast, we provide the example of the Great Divide Basin, in southern Wyoming, where climate change, through its impact on erosion and fl exure, provides the primary mechanism of basin closure. Twoand three-dimensional fl exural models that incorporate the effects of local basin abandonment due to aridity as well as...