We present a Hilbert style axiomatization and an Equational theory for reasoning about actions and capabilities. We introduce two novel features in the language of Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL), converse as backwards modality and abstract processes specified by preconditions and effects, written as φ⇒ ψ and first explored in our recent paper [8], where a Gentzen-style sequent calculus was i...

Goals for reinforcement learning problems are typically defined through handspecified rewards. To design such problems, developers of learning algorithms must inherently be aware of what the task goals are, yet we often require agents to discover them on their own without any supervision beyond these sparse rewards. While much of the power of reinforcement learning derives from the concept that...

Objective(s): Gastric cancer is the first and second leading cause of cancer related death in Iranian men and women, respectively. Gastric cancer management is based on the surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the present study, for the first time, the beneficial effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) aqueous extract (SAE) on the 1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastric c...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to validate a simple and reproducible method for assessing gait deviation on the Babinski-Weill test in a representative sample of healthy Brazilians. METHODS Gait deviations were measured in 75 individuals (median=30 years, 41 women) for forward, backwards, and Babinski-Weill steps. The test entailed blindfolded individuals walking 10 paces at a frequency ...

objective: this study was conducted with the aim to investigate and compare iranian produced and foreign oxytocin for use in induction of labor. materials and methods: this random clinical trial was conducted on a population of 198 pregnant women with live fetus and cephalic presentation and conditions conducive to induction of labor, monitored by obstetricians and gynecologists. they were rand...