Os biocombustíveis identificados como os mais apropriados para uso nos motores de combustão interna existentes são o bioetanol substituto da gasolina em ciclo Otto e biodiesel, Diesel. Para tanto, é necessário plantio cultivos energéticos alto rendimento eficiência fotossintética grandes extensões terra. dois eficientes que existem a cana-de-açúcar (bioetanol) dendê (biodiesel), com balanços el...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects gases emitted by blends biodiesel with petroleum diesel at intermediate concentrations (between 10 % and 40 %) on biochemistry lichen Cladonia verticillaris (Raddi) Fr. Samples respective species were exposed during a period sixty minutes, using stationary engine, 20 (B20), 25 (B25) 30 (B30) biodiesel, from oil cotton, diesel. In 30, 60 90...

Under high ambient pressure (5 MPa) and different injection pressures (90, 120, 150 MPa), a high-speed imaging technique was carried out to comparatively investigate the macroscopic spray characteristics of diesel with three types blended fuel in constant volume chamber. The oxygenated fuels were n-butanol (B), pine oil (P), 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF). All their blending ratio 20%. Results showed ...

The main reason for the limited usage of biodiesel is it tends to oxidize when exposed air. It anticipated that addition an antioxidant along with graphene nano particle improves combustion diesel-biodiesel blend. In present research made from transesterification waste cooking oil used. Three synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2(3)-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tert but...

Nascent short DNA chains isolated from T4-infected E. coli under a variety of conditions anneal equally to the separated complementary phage DNA strands. The samples examined include: pulse-labeled short chains isolated by alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation from the T4D (wild type)-infected cells in both the early and late stages of phage DNA synthesis; nascent chains accumulated during li...

[1] FeSi may be one of the main products of the reaction between molten iron and mantle silicates. We use both the Local Density Approximation (LDA) and the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) to Density Functional Theory (DFT) to analyze the structural behavior of FeSi and to determine its elastic properties up to high pressures. According to our calculations, at lowermost mantle pressure...

The B20-type cobalt germanide CoGe was investigated by measuring the specific heat, resistivity, and $^{59}$Co nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We observed a phase transition at $T_Q=13.7$ K, evidenced very narrow peak of heat sharp changes spin-spin ($T_2^{-1}$) spin-lattice ($T_1^{-1}$) relaxation rates. fact that entropy release is extremely small Knight shift almost independent temperature...

The Eubank (2012, JDS) findings on taxation, political accountability and foreign aid has had an important influence in academic and policy-making debates. Eubank has warned that his findings should not be generalized across Africa until they are backed by robust empirical evidence. This paper puts some empirical structure to the celebrated literature. The empirical evidence which is based on d...

The role of agriculture as an instrument for industrialization had been rigorously conceptualized in the 1960s and 1970s under the classical paradigm of development economics. After many implementation failures under import substitution industrialization policies and protracted neglect of agriculture under the policies of the Washington Consensus that followed the debt crisis, agriculture has g...