The aim of this study is to describe the morphology of the posteromedial fragment in the setting of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures and to use it as a base for selection of the method of fixation. Twenty two -patients with bicondylar tibial plateau fractures -involving the posteromedial fragment were included in this study. Plain X- ray and computed tomogram (CT) were performed in all patie...

PURPOSE To evaluate the usefulness of separate vertical wirings for extra-articular fracture of distal pole of patella. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have analyzed the clinical results of 18 cases that underwent separate vertical wirings for extra-articular fracture of distal pole of the patella from March 2005 to March 2010, by using the range of motion and Bostman score. Occurrence of complicati...

Male orchid bees were attracted to chemical baits and collected in nine Atlantic Forest fragments in southeastern Brazil. Fragments differed in size and shape. Three additional sites were also sampled in a nearby large fragment. Three hypothetical core areas of each fragment were measured as the total area minus an area of 50, 100, and 200-m-wide perimeter. Abundance and richness were not corre...

purpose: to present a patient with localized corneal edema due to a small retained fragment of nucleus in the anterior chamber after uncomplicated phacoemulsification. case report: a 74-year-old female subject with history of phacoemulsification in her right eye about 1.5 years ago complained of foreign body sensation, pain and decreased vision in the same eye. visual acuity of that eye had dec...

Fragment production has been studied as a function of the source mass and excitation energy in peripheral collisions of 35 Cl+ 197 Au at 43 MeV/nucleon and 70 Ge+ nat Ti at 35 MeV/nucleon. The results are compared to the Au+Au data at 600 MeV/nucleon obtained by the ALADIN collaboration. A mass scaling, by A source ∼ 35 to 190, strongly correlated to excitation energy per nucleon, is presented,...

in suspension polymerization, particle size distribution of polymer is the outcome of dynamic equilibrium between the break up and coalescence phenomena. the rates of break up and coalescence and consequently polymerization stability depend on several parameters, the most important of which are type and concentration of stabilizer. in this study, the effects of type and concentration of stabili...

In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive step-size approach for policy gradient reinforcement learning. A new metric is defined for policy gradients that measures the effect of changes on average reward with respect to the policy parameters. Since the metric directly measures the effects on the average reward, the resulting policy gradient learning employs an adaptive step-size strategy that ...

We study the asymptotic average minimum manipulating coalition size as a characteristic of quality of a voting rule and show its serious drawback. We suggest using the asymptotic average threshold coalition size instead. We prove that, in large electorates, the asymptotic average threshold coalition size is maximised among all scoring rules by the Borda rule when the number m of alternatives is...

In this paper, we consider the average order of the 2-Selmer groups of elliptic curves over Q given by the equation E : y2 = x(x + a)(x + b), where a and b are integers. We show that, with a being fixed, the average order of the 2-Selmer groups of such curves closely depends on a. More exactly, we show that the average order is bounded if |a| is not a square and unbounded if |a| is the square o...

People often estimate the average duration of several events (e.g., on average, how long does it take to drive from one's home to his or her office). While there is a great deal of research investigating estimates of duration for a single event, few studies have examined estimates when people must average across numerous stimuli or events. The current studies were designed to fill this gap by e...