Background: Uncorrected refractive error is one of the leading causes visual impairment and blindness world-over. The distribution pattern presentation variable depending on various factors. Regardless type, errors are easily correctable with spectacles if diagnosed early.
 Objective: objective this study was to evaluate among medical students at University Zambia - School Medicine.
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PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of distance refractive error among Aboriginal people attending eye clinics in remote South Australia. METHODS A clinic-based cross-sectional study was conducted that involved opportunistic sampling of Aboriginal people attending eye clinics in remote South Australia. There were 189 individuals who were invited to participate in the study all of whom underwe...

PURPOSE To evaluate visual acuity, visual function, and prevalence of refractive error among Chinese secondary-school children in a cross-sectional school-based study. METHODS Uncorrected, presenting, and best corrected visual acuity, cycloplegic autorefraction with refinement, and self-reported visual function were assessed in a random, cluster sample of rural secondary school students in Xi...

AIMS To describe the prevalence of refractive error (myopia and hyperopia) and visual impairment in a representative sample of white school children. METHODS The Northern Ireland Childhood Errors of Refraction study, a population-based cross-sectional study, examined 661 white 12-13-year-old and 392 white 6-7-year-old children between 2006 and 2008. Procedures included assessment of monocular...

PURPOSE To discuss the use of wavefront measurements generated from the NIDEK OPD-Scan II and OPD-Station for cataract surgery. METHODS Case examples are presented along with information and relevant clinical data obtained from the OPD-Scan II aberrometer and OPD-Station software. All eyes underwent corneal topography, wavefront aberrometry, autorefraction, keratometry, and pupillometry measu...

PURPOSE Soft contact lenses have been reported to increase the progression of myopia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether soft contact lenses affect the progression of myopia in children. METHODS Children between the ages of 8 and 11 years with -1.00 to -6.00 D myopia and less than 1.00 D astigmatism were randomly assigned to wear soft contact lenses (n = 247) or spectacles (n ...

Purpose: To describe the prevalence of hyperopia and associated factors in a representative sam Australian schoolchildren 6 and 12 years old. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Participants: Schoolchildren ages 6 (n 1765) and 12 (n 2353) from 55 randomly selected schools acr Sydney. Methods: Detailed eye examinations included cycloplegic autorefraction, ocular biometry, cover testi...

PURPOSE To describe the prevalence of hyperopia and associated factors in a representative sample of Australian schoolchildren 6 and 12 years old. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Schoolchildren ages 6 (n = 1765) and 12 (n = 2353) from 55 randomly selected schools across Sydney. METHODS Detailed eye examinations included cycloplegic autorefraction, ocular biomet...

Purpose To measure the maximum, objectively measured, accommodative amplitude, produced by pharmacologic stimulation. Methods Thirty-seven healthy subjects were enrolled, with a mean age of 20.2±1.1 years, corrected visual acuity of 20/20, and mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) =-0.83±1.60 diopters. For each subject, the right pupil was dilated with phenylephrine 10%. After 30 minutes...

AIM To study the prevalence, type, and progression of astigmatism in Chinese preschool children, and its effect on refractive development. METHODS A cross sectional study of preschool children was carried out in two randomly selected kindergartens. A cohort study was performed on a subset of children, five years after initial examination. Refractive error (measured by cycloplegic autorefracti...