Advancement of gas sensor technology over the past few decades has led to significant progress in pollution control and thereby, to environmental protection. An excellent example is the control of automobile exhaust emissions, made possible by the use of oxygen gas sensors. Since early 1970’s there have been sustained studies on oxygen sensors and has led to development of sensors for various a...

The synthesis of various volatile and thermally stable derivatives of metals ions has permitted the use of conventional mass spectrometry for trace metal analysis. This paper reviews the development of the field using electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. This latter methodology produces simple mass spectra that enable complex mixtures to be analyzed. In addition the use of...

Cerium oxides have attracted much attention because of their uses in three-way catalysts and other catalyst applications. The redox reaction of cerium oxides, as the basis of their use as catalysts, usually takes place at high temperature (>600 K) and/or low oxygen partial pressure. There have been continuous efforts to lower the operating temperatures of cerium oxide further to improve the per...

The catalytic purification of automobile exhaust gases (CO, NOx and hydrocarbons) is one of the most practiced conversion processes used to lower the emissions and to reduce the air pollution. Nevertheless, the good performance of exhaust gas purification catalysts often requires the high consumption of noble metals such as platinum. Here we report that the Brønsted acid sites on the external s...

There are many kinds of automobile after-sale service spare parts, which are with a complex relationship in replacement and a large time span in models. The management of automobile after-sale service spare parts is a challenge, not only for automobile manufacturer but also for distributor. Therefore, it becomes an important and difficult task for automobile enterprises to do well in the supply...

www.philadelphiafed.org take, for example, London’s decision in 2003 to implement a new plan to reduce congestion in the center of the city. At the time, development was booming and traffic congestion was becoming increasingly troublesome. Rather than try to increase capacity through construction of more highways and other automobile infrastructure, London introduced a congestion pricing policy...

This work presents a single-chip sub-mm3 wireless pressure sensor suitable for tire pressure monitoring. The dynamic behavior and safety of an automobile tire is closely dependent on its inflation pressure: maintaining the manufacturerrecommended pressure is essential to prevent tire failure, provide stability, improve fuel efficiency and tire-life, and to reduce CO2 emissions [1]. Thus, Tire-P...

Automobile emissions such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and particulate matter are coming under progressively strict regulations worldwide. Meeting the increasingly severe requirements will require wider use of electric vehicles, including hybrid electric cars, and of high-efficiency electrified powertrains for better fuel economy. For this, implementation of still more compact, higher outp...

Tests have been carried out to evaluate the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine fueled with 10%, 30%, and 50% of tyre pyrolysis oil (TPO) blended with diesel fuel (DF). The TPO was derived from waste automobile tyres through vacuum pyrolysis. The combustion parameters such as heat release rate, cylinder peak pressure, and max...

Although the hype surrounding the promise of electronic commerce seems all pervasive currently, there is an absence of research on automobile eCommerce, especially in developing countries, which covers wide-ranging issues beyond contextual imperatives. This paper tries to fill in the gap, by analyzing the impacts of eCommerce on automobile industry in China, and the factors of eCommerce adoptio...