Epidermal keratinocytes, late in their terminal differentiation, form cross-linked envelopes resistant to ionic detergent and reducing agent. Because the cross-linking process is catalyzed by the keratinocyte transglutaminase, the absence of active transglutaminase should result in failure of the keratinocyte to form a cross-linked envelope. Three keratinocyte strains bearing mutations in the k...

Human embryonic stem cells injected into scid mice produce nodules containing differentiated somatic tissues. From the trypsinized cells of such a nodule, we have recovered keratinocytes that can be grown in cell culture. The method of recovery is sensitive enough to detect small numbers of keratinocytes formed in the nodule, but for purposes of analysis, it is preferable to study the developme...

Proliferating keratinocyte cultures have been reported to synthesize higher concentrations of prostaglandin (PG) E than confluent ones. As interleukin-1 (IL-1) stimulates keratinocyte PGE synthesis we investigated whether the degree of confluency of the keratinocyte culture modified the response of the cells to IL-1. It was found that IL-1alpha (100 U/ml) stimulated PGE(2) synthesis by prolifer...

The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the coding regions of human and rat keratinocyte transglutaminases (protein-glutamine: amine gamma-glutamyltransferase; EC 2.3.2.13) have been determined. These yield proteins of approximately 90 kDa that are 92% identical, indicative of the conservation of important structural features. Alignments of amino acid sequences show substantial simil...

Aberrant differentiation of keratinocytes has been demonstrated to be associated with a number of skin diseases. A growing number of studies have showed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have an important part in gene regulation, however, the role of lncRNAs in keratinocyte differentiation remains to be largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that lncRNA-H19 act as an endogenous...

We recently identified mutations of the keratinocyte transglutaminase gene as a cause of lamellar ichthyosis. In this study we analyzed two sporadic cases of lamellar ichthyosis. Transglutaminase activity measured in membrane extracts from cultured differentiating keratinocytes was within the range observed in normal individuals. Western blot and Northern blot analysis revealed normal size and ...

Abstract Background Autologus platelet gel is easy to prepare and is relatively low cost. The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate in vitro efficacy of autologus platelet gel. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, platelet concentrate and platelet poor plasma were prepared with aphaeresis method. Thrombin was prepared by mixing the plasma with calcium. Thrombin activity...

BACKGROUND Nkx2.5 is a homeodomain-containing nuclear transcription protein that has been associated with acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia. In addition, Nkx2.5 has an essential role in cardiomyogenesis. However, the expression of Nkx2.5 in the skin has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE In an attempt to screen the differentially regulated genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation, using a cD...

Skin complications and chronic non-healing wounds are common in obesity, metabolic disease, and type 2 diabetes. Epidermal γδ T cells normally produce keratinocyte growth factors, participate in wound repair, and are necessary for keratinocyte homeostasis. We have determined that in γδ T cell-deficient mice, there are reduced numbers of keratinocytes and the epidermis exhibits a flattened, thin...