Energy plays an active role in sustainable development in Iran, both in the sustainable and the development aspects. This study aims to estimate the nexus of economic growth and the renewable energy in Iran during 1981-2012. We employ the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to estimate a log-linear equation. The results suggest that renewable energy consumption is an insignificant driv...

This study tries to answer the question, “has macroeconomic instability detrimental impact on gross domestic product of Pakistan over the period of 1980 to 2012?” For reviewing macroeconomic instability a comprehensive macroeconomic instability index is constructed by incorporating inflation rate, unemployment rate, trade deficit and budget deficit. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model h...

Wealth sustainability has always remained a policy concern for policymakers in developing economies like Pakistan. This study filled the gap by investigating weak and determinants of wealth accumulation 46 years, from 1972 to 2017, been analyzed through Genuine Savings (GS) Index.Moreover, auto-regressive distributive lag (ARDL) model applied find out effects determining factors ̶ which include ...

This study uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to study the dynamic determinant factors that influence both long and short-term international tourism demand in Cambodia from 12 countries. The annual time series data (1994–2013) are used in this study. The study finds that only the international tourism demand model of Australia, Canada, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and USA are...

The present article uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure to identify the long run equilibrium relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth. TodaYamamoto andWald-test causality tests have identified the direction of the causal relationship between these two variables in the case of Pakistan in the period between 1971 and 2008. Ng-Perron and ...

This comparative study is an attempt to explore the determinants of capital structure for Malaysian firms listed in various sectors level. Within framework traditional and moderate dynamic theories, key such as fixed assets, current return on equity, size, earning per share total assets are tested relation debt-equity ratio. The large-scale entails data collected from 551 Bursa Malaysia main ma...