Stainless steel (SS) is used for many commercial and industrial applications owing to its high resistance to corrosion. It is too hard to machine due to its high strength and high work hardening property. A surface property such as surface roughness (SR) is critical to the function-ability of machined components. SS is generally regarded as more difficult to machine material and poor SR is obta...

Residual stresses impact on a wide variety of industrial sectors including the automotive, power generation, industrial plant, construction, aerospace, railway and transport industries, and a range of materials manufacturers and processing companies. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique is one of the most popular methods for measuring residual stress [1], used routinely in quality control and ...

A significant problem in the concurrent application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is the image artefact caused by the effect of the TMS-coil on the homogeneity of the static magnetic field (B0). The resulting field inhomogeneity can lead to spatial distortions and local signal loss in echo-planar (EP) images. Here we demonstrate that...

Plates of austenitic stainless steel are often used in orthopedic surgery for fixing ends of the broken bones and for repairing fractures. The paper analyzes a premature breakage of six plates for fixing broken bones with different patients during their recovery. Each plate's breakage can induce serious aftermaths such as a new surgery, unexpected undesired complications and a prolonged healing...

A brief review of the high spatial resolution Auger electron spectroscopy (HRAES) and its usage in metallurgy is presented. A combination of HRAES and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy makes a powerful combination to resolve a large number of problems encountered in metallurgy. Several selected examples of such problems studied in the authors’ laboratory are presented: influence of surface activ...

The electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole (Py) in aqueous KNO3 solutions using Austenitic stainless steel electrodes by galvanostatic, potentiostatic and potentiodynamic methods was studied. Chronoamperometric experiments show different behavior of the current with time. Correspondingly, I-tx plots were made giving better fitting for x =3/2 suggesting a progressive nucleation with three-dim...