It is now well established that vertebrate ovarian follicles undergo atresia via apoptosis, a process that is initiated within the granulosa cell layer of undifferentiated follicles. Although the exact signals, membrane-bound receptors, and associated intracellular signaling pathways leading to apoptosis within granulosa cells have yet to be established, it is evident that multiple and redundan...

Oxidative stress induces many serious reproductive diseases in female mammals and thus poses a serious threat to reproductive health. However, the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress and follicular development, oocyte and embryo quality is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ovarian oxidative stress on the health of follicle ...

A (2.4 Kg) female full-term baby admitted with respiratory distress and frothing from the mouth since birth. The infantogram with the nasogastric tube in situ revealed the position of the tube was at T7-T8 vertebral level and there was no gas in the abdomen (Fig. 1). There was no other associated anomaly. At operation, the upper and lower pouches were almost in continuity but there was a 1cm lo...

We report on a 37-year-old woman with essential systemic hypertension. An MRI was performed because of weak femoral pulses, depicting a severe almost atretic coarctation of the aorta (Fig. 1). Angiography of the proximal distal thoracic aorta was simultaneously performed (Fig. 2a). The transverse arch was narrow (16 mm), as was the diameter of the terminal aortic arch distal to the left subclav...

Follicles from the hen ovary that have been selected into the preovulatory hierarchy are committed to ovulation and rarely become atretic under normal physiological conditions. In part, this is attributed to the resistance of the granulosa layer to apoptosis. The present studies were conducted to evaluate the role of the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway in hen granulosa ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that children with isolated nonsyndromic unilateral congenital aural atresia have subclinical mandibular condylar hypoplasia ipsilateral to the atretic ear, and that the Jahrsdoerfer score is associated with the degree of condylar hypoplasia. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective self-controlled case series. METHODS We reviewed high-resolution computed tomography ...

In this work, we have investigated the involvement of DmCatD, a cathepsin D-like peptidase, and acid phosphatase in the process of follicular atresia of Dipetalogaster maxima, a hematophagous insect vector of Chagas' disease. For the studies, fat bodies, ovaries and hemolymph were sampled from anautogenous females at representative days of the reproductive cycle: pre-vitellogenesis, vitellogene...

BACKGROUND Bovine follicular development is regulated by numerous molecular mechanisms and biological pathways. In this study, we tried to identify differentially expressed genes between largest (F1) and second-largest follicles (F2), and classify them by global gene expression profiling using a combination of microarray and quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) analysis. The follicular status of F...