To gain new insights into ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer (LLCT) dynamics, we synthesised two heteroleptic Ir(3+) complexes: (Ir(dfppy)2(tpphz)) and (Ir(dfppy)2(dpq)), where dfppy, tpphz, and dpq are 2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridine, tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine, and 2,3-bis-(2-pyridyl)-quinoxaline, respectively. The tpphz and dpq ligands have longer π-conjugation th...

Mercury has long been recognised as a neurotoxin element for many decades and with its compounds being extremely toxic, is ranked third in the ‘priority list of hazardous substance’ by the United States comprehensive environmental response, compensation, and liability act. In different samples, mercury can exist as either its inorganic or organic forms and this paper will review the methods for...

background: contamination of water by toxic chemicals has become commonly recognized as an environmental concern. based on our clinical observation in mashhad, northeastern iran, many people might be at risk of exposure to high concentrations of toxic heavy metals in water. because wastewater effluents as well as water wells have been commonly used for irrigation over the past decades, there ha...

objective: scutellaria luteo-caerulea bornm. & snit. is one of the species of genus scutellaria, within the family of the lamiaceae, that is used for immune system stimulation and antibacterial effects in traditional medicine in iran. the aims of this study were to analyze essential oils and mineral element contents of leaves of  s. luteo-caerulea in flowering stage of development. materials an...

Laboratory measurements were performed to characterize the geometrical effects in the calibration of the NASA's cloud absorption radiometer (CAR). The measurements involved three integrating sphere sources (ISSs) operated at different light levels and experimental setups to determine radiance variability. The radiance gradients across the three ISS apertures were 0.2%-2.6% for different visible...

In order to compare and evaluate the atomization process occurring in several types of graphite furnaces for atomic absorption spectrometry, the authors estimated temporal variations in the gas temperature by using a two-line method under the assumption of a Bolzmann distribution. The atomization furnaces employed were a graphite tube, a graphite tube coated with pyrolitic carbon, a graphite tu...

This study aimed at determining blood concentrations of lead (B-Pb) and cadmium (B-Cd) in a group of 1215 healthy blood donors (895 males, 320 females) and 758 children (397 boys, 361 girls) aged 10 years, sampled in 1996-1998 in four districts of the Czech Republic. The analysis was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry. The median B-Pb values were lower in children (34 mg/L) than in ...

The aim of this work was to verify whether there are statistically significant correlation between the concentrations of lead in blood (Pb-B) and urine (Pb-U). Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was used in the determination of lead concentration in biological material. Venous blood and spot urine were collected from workers occupationally exposed (95), adults (130) and children up t...

In this work, methodologies to determine manganese (Mn) in urine and whole blood by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry were developed. The use of Ru, Rh, and Zr as permanent modifiers, Pd as a modifier in solution, and the condition without modifier were investigated for the direct determination of Mn in urine and whole blood samples. The best results for Mn in urine and in whole blo...