OBJECTIVE To evaluate symptoms and neurocognitive recovery patterns after sports-related concussion in high school and college athletes. STUDY DESIGN College athletes (n = 371) and high school athletes (n = 183) underwent baseline neuropsychological evaluation between 1997 and 2000. Individuals who received a concussion during athletic competition (n = 54) underwent serial neuropsychologic ev...

We relied on self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 2000) to investigate to what extent autonomy-supporting corrective feedback (i.e., feedback that coaches communicate to their athletes after poor performance or mistakes) is associated with athletes' optimal motivation and well-being. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a cross-sectional study with 337 (67.1% males) Greek adolescent at...

the main objective of this research was to evaluate reliability and validity of recovery stress questionnaire for athlestes (rest q-sport). professional and semi-professional athletes of handball and basketball constitute statistical population of current work. some 510 athletes were chosen in random as statistical samples. measurement tool used was a rest q-sport comprised of 76 questions with...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of substance use among bodybuilding athletes has been poorly studied in Iran. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of drug use, especially anabolic steroids, among bodybuilding athletes. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in the first half of 2013 among body building athletes referring to gyms located in Kerman, Iran. Five gyms were select...

low back pain (lbp) is also one of the most common medical conditions in athletes. there is little doubt that patients with lbp use from their body differently than pain free individuals. the purpose of this review was to investigate changes in motor control which may be present in athletes with lbp. the search strategy for this review consisted of an electronic database search of full text in ...

Trained athletes frequently experience low levels of blood haemoglobin (13 to 14 g/100ml in men and 12 g/100ml in women) plus low haematocrit and low ferritin levels. These parameters define the concept of 'sports anaemia'. Low iron levels may be due to mechanical haemolysis, intestinal bleeding, haematuria, sweating, low iron intake or poor intestinal absorption. The resulting decrease in bloo...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the self-perception of weight in relation with the body mass index and the body composition of three working groups composed of physically untrained young students, young athletes and patients diagnosed with chronic diseases. The working groups consisted of 110 participants: untrained students, athletes and dialysed patients; 50.9% women and 49.1% men; wi...