Athletes who are properly fueled and hydrated before, during, and after exercise can improve training, increase performance, and decrease fatigue. Many commercial products are marketed to athletes and are designed to be consumed at specific periods: before, during, and after exercise. Are these products really necessary? This article reviews the research on nutrition support for the athlete sur...

Fast food is popular among children and adolescents; however, its consumption has often been associated with negative impacts on nutrition and health. This study examined current fast food consumption status among middle school students and explored factors influencing fast food consumption by applying Theory of Planned Behavior. A total of 354 (52.5% boys) students were recruited from a middle...

The aim of this study is to examine mediating role athlete engagement and mental toughness in the relationship between burnout well-being. Our theoretical model was tested using data collected from 251 university students (103 females 148 males) sports departments aged 18 33 (Mean = 21.73 years, SD 2.23). Participants completed Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-...

BACKGROUND The most common ankle injury is the lateral ankle sprain. Dutch annual sports-related ankle sprain costs can roughly be estimated at €187,200,000. Research has shown that proprioceptive training accounts for an approximated overall 50% reduction in ankle sprain recurrence rate. HYPOTHESIS An unsupervised proprioceptive training program to reduce the recurrence of lateral ankle spra...

The overhead-throwing athlete is a challenging sports medicine patient. The repetitive microtraumatic stresses imposed on the athlete's shoulder joint complex during the throwing motion constantly places the athlete at risk for injury. These stresses may effect several adaptations to normal shoulder range of motion, strength, and scapula position. The clinician should therefore appreciate the u...

The prevalence of supplements use has increased progressively in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate Prevalence of supplements use and knowledge regard to doping and its side effects in Iranian athlete university students participated in sports Olympiad competitions at summer 2012.The statistical sample included 253 male athlete university students from different e...