A wide range of activities depend on digital geographic data and geoprocessing, and these information resources are rapidly becoming more important as commerce expands, information technology advances, and environmental problems demand resolution. Unfortunately, noninteroperability severely limits the use of digital geographic information. Spatial data exist in a wide range of incompatible and ...

In the last years there has been a continuous growth in functionality of geographic information systems (GIS) resulting in many different software artifacts. Even though each GIS is used in different areas with different objectives, they all share many features and requirements and therefore it is possible to apply techniques based on intensive software reuse, such as software product line engi...

The catalytic boost of critical mass usage of the World Wide Web (WWW) has brought about the shift in the traditional geographic information systems (GIS) paradigm and engendered new challenges and opportunities. The traditional GIS paradigm involves the use of huge databases and large expensive GIS software packages confined to local disks. The new paradigm, however, enables geospatial data to...

A GIS (Geographic Information System), is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographically referenced data. In other words, GIS is the merging of statistical analysis, database technology and cartography that can be integrated into any enterprise information system framework. But despite all these advantages, geographic information system...

Geographic information systems (GIS) are becoming more usual due to the improved performance of computer systems. GIS applications are being developed using the three-tier software architecture traditionally used for generalpurpose information systems. Even though this architecture is suitable for GIS applications, the special nature and exclusive characteristics of geographic information pose ...

Aiming to encourage the reuse and prevent wasting resources in the production of spatial data, in 2008, the Brazilian government edited Act 6,666, instituting the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (Infraestrutura Nacional de Dados Espaciais INDE). To meet the need of geospatial data documentation, the INDE defined the Brazilian Geospatial Metadata (MGB) profile based on ISO 19115:2003. This ...

This paper presents the concepts and technology of GMN and its application in developing real estate management software. GMN abbreviating GIS+MIS+Network, is a new technology integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Management Information Systems (MIS) in the Internet environment. Previous real estate management software products which are mainly based on MIS cannot meet various es...

The needs for 3D city models are growing rapidly and the applications of those models on computer graphics and virtual reality are appearing in a variety of fields in recent years. In parallel, the speed of the internet communication is being greatly improved by the fast and wide spread of broadband infrastructure. Today, those web3D applications are waited eagerly that make possible interactiv...

A Geographic Information System (GIS) is an electronic information system that analyzes, integrates, and displays information based on geography. GIS systems have powerful visual display capabilities that present the results of analysis on maps on a wide variety of scales, ranging from very large (accurate to within inches) to very small (accurate only in broad overview). GIS is regarded as the...

Today, a promising approach to large-scale interoperability in geographic information systems (GIS) is a GIS implemented via a distributed object management system (DOMS) (e.g. CORBA, Java, OLE/COM) based on a standardized spatial object model (e.g. OGIS [1]). Geographic entities are available as locationand platform-independent objects, and are accessible via their interface, i.e. their attrib...