Historic architecture, whether strictly formal or vernacular in style, can be viewed as building expressed as art, the result of collective skills and knowledge of designers and various crafts engaged in its construction. Education and training in taste and judgment of a designer, combined with enlightened craftsman’s skills, contributes to the functional success and aesthetic appeal of a build...

The economic contributions of rural enterprises in Indonesia are significant to support local people's livelihoods, although it remains at micro medium levels. One small-scale enterprise, which understudied and receives little policy attention, is the bamboo enterprise. Gunungkidul Regency Yogyakarta Special Province, a central region Java Island, Indonesia, have many enterprises, creating vari...

Informal workers in developing countries are exposed to various occupational hazards that may cause accidents, injuries, or diseases. Personal protective equipment (PPE) can be an essential tool for preventing from exposure these hazards. Despite the widely acknowledged benefits of PPE usage, many informal automobile artisans Nigeria do not use PPE. This study examines factors predict usage amo...

The purpose of this paper is to give a separate index for the development handicraft products developing sustainable completion and better utilization natural rural industry in industries, conserving heritage all countries handmade tradition, skill artisans, making them entrepreneurship artisans. Among them, we know that whole world facing big problem plastic glass other population climate also...

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.), a type of tropical plant that grows in Indonesia has various benefits and been widely studied by disciplines. The study as source ideas for art creation, on the other hand, not carried out. aims this are: (1) To explain process creating Semarang batik motifs using idea through stylization forms; (2) to analyze shape motif strengthen identity Semarang’s local cul...