Organic soil horizons function as important controls on the thermal state of near-surface soil and permafrost in high-latitude ecosystems. The thermal conductivity of organic horizons is typically lower than mineral soils and is closely linked to moisture content, bulk density, and water phase. In this study, we examined the relationship between thermal conductivity and soil moisture for differ...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an indicator of ecosystem quality and plays a major role in the biogeochemical cycles of major nutrients and water. Shortcomings exist to estimate SOC across large regions using rapid and cheap soil sensing approaches. Our objective was to estimate SOC in 7120 mineral and organic soil horizons in Florida using visible/near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (...

A new method of color image segmentation is proposed in this paper. It’s based on K-means algorithm in HSI space and has the advantage over those based on the RGB space. Both the hue and the intensity components are fully utilized. In the process of hue clustering, the special cyclic property of the hue component is taken into consideration. The paper gives the definition of the distance and th...

Three methods for summarising the characteristics of colour images are presented. They all rely on the ability to represent colours in terms of a 3D-polar coordinate system having independent brightness and saturation coordinates. The methods discussed are: hue statistics and saturation-weighted hue statistics, saturation-weighted hue histograms, and colour statistics histograms. The latter are...

Primate visual systems support an elaborate specialization for processing color information. Concentrating on the hue component, we observe that, contrary to Mondrian-like assumptions, hue varies in a smooth manner for ecologically important natural imagery. To represent these smooth variations, and to support those information processing tasks that utilize hue, a piecewise smooth hue field is ...

Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians H 6= H possess the real (i.e., observable) spectra inside certain specific, “physical” domains of parameters D = D(H). In general, the determination of their “observability-horizon” boundaries ∂D is difficult. We list the pseudo-Hermitian real N by N matrix Hamiltonians for which the “prototype” horizons ∂D are defined by closed analytic formulae.