Apolipoprotein E (apoE) alleles determine the age-adjusted relative risk (epsilon4 > epsilon3) for Alzheimer's disease (AD). ApoE may affect AD pathogenesis by promoting deposition of the amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide and its conversion to a fibrillar form. To determine the effect of apoE on Abeta deposition and AD pathology, we compared APP(V717F) transgenic (TG) mice expressing mouse, human, o...

The objectives of the present study were to 1) examine mechanisms involved in endothelium-dependent responses of coronary arteries from normal mice and 2) determine whether vascular responses of coronary arteries are altered in two genetic models of hypercholesterolemia [apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice (apoE -/-) and combined apoE and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient mic...

After receptor-mediated endocytosis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) into the liver, TRL particles are immediately disintegrated in peripheral endosomal compartments. Whereas core lipids and apoprotein B are delivered for degradation into lysosomes, TRL-derived apoE is efficiently recycled back to the plasma membrane. This is followed by apoE re-secretion and association of apoE with hig...

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), which has been shown to influence serum lipid parameters, can bind to multiple types of lipids and plays an important role in the metabolism and homeostasis of lipids and lipoproteins. A previous study showed that ApoE concentration significantly affects serum lipid levels independently of ApoE polymorphism. The serum lipid levels were also closely correlated with dieta...

Some studies indicate that the APOE ε2 allele may have a protective effect on mortality and mental health among the elderly adults. We investigated the effect of the APOE ε2 allele on cognitive function and mortality in 1651 members of the virtually extinct Danish 1905 birth cohort. We found no protective effect of the APOE ε2 allele on mortality compared with the APOE ε3 allele. The point esti...

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by accumulation of leukocytes in the arterial intima. Members of the selectin family of adhesion molecules are important mediators of leukocyte extravasation. However, it is unclear whether L-selectin (L-sel) is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In the present study, mice deficient in L-selectin (L-sel(-/-)) animals were cr...

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays important roles in lipid homeostasis, anti-inflammation, and host defense. Since tissue apoE mRNA levels have been reported to decrease during inflammatory responses, we were surprised to find that plasma apoE levels were significantly elevated during septic infections in both humans and mice. This apparent paradox was also observed during lipopolysaccharide-induce...

Synthesis of apolipoprotein (apo)E in hepatocytes leads to both secretion and retention in cell surface pools. Inclusion of Brefeldin A to HepG2 cells prompted a rapid decrease of cell surface apoE to about 37% of control values after a 3-h incubation. The t(1/2) for this dynamic pool was estimated to be 15 min. In contrast, a stable fraction of apoE (t(1/2) > 20 h) was found in association wit...

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has been recently identified as a potential tumor-associated marker in ovarian cancer by serial analysis of gene expression. ApoE has long been known to play a key role in lipid transport, and its specific isoforms may participate in atherosclerogenesis. However, its role in human cancer is not known. In this study, apoE expression was frequently detected in ovarian sero...

BACKGROUND Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have reduced expression of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in lung tissues, and deficiency of both has been linked to insulin resistance. ApoE deficiency leads to enhanced platelet-derived growth factor signaling, which is important in the pathobiology of PAH. We therefore hypothesized th...