BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Total knee arthroplasty often results in marked postoperative pain. A recent meta-analysis supports the use of femoral nerve block or alternatively spinal injection of morphine plus local anaesthetic for post-operative analgesia. On the other hand, the use of intrathecal morphine may be associated with a large number of distressing side effects (itching, urinary retent...

Perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) leaves have shown therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory disorders, allergies, bronchial asthma, and systemic damage due to free radicals. In the present study we analyzed the active constituents in perilla leaves using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and isolated luteolin, a polyphenolic flavonoid. We investigated the anti-inflammato...

The early reports on the use of Thephorin,* a hydrogenated phenyl-pyridindene derivative, seemed to indicate that it was an ideal antipruritic, i.e., it effectively and consistently relieved the sensation of itching while producing relatively few or no untoward side effects. Lehmann et al. (1) reported that it is very potent in antagonizing important physiologic effects of histamine on smooth m...

Herbal remedies for skin care with antibacterial and antifungal activities are prepared from a variety of plant parts such as leaves, stem, root, bark and fruits. These medicines are administered topically and may be applied in the form of cream, lotion, soap, sap, solvent extract and ointment, and have been established to possess antimicrobial properties[1]. The delivery of drugs through the s...

p ROPOFOL IS A COMMONLY USED intravenous anesthetic agent. Chemically, propofol is a lipophilic, sterically indered alkylated phenol that is a very weak acid.1,2 Pharmaokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties make propofol a seful drug in everyday anesthesia with rapid and clear emerence, precise control of the level of sedation, and lack of umulative effects even after prolonged administration....

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Uremic pruritus (UP) is a common discomfort of dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease. Some studies suggest a neuropathic cause of UP. Gabapentin, an anticonvulsant, has shown promising results as an emerging drug to treat this condition. OBJECTIVE An updated qualitative systematic review was conducted to evaluate its efficacy and safety in hemodialysis patients. S...

There have been considerable advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of pruritus in recent years. The purpose of this review was to highlight itch entities in women, and in particular pruritic vulvar dermatoses that women experience among different age groups. Unique temporal shifts may contribute to the etiology of many of these conditions. These changes lead to cyclical changes i...

Sir, RESULTS Ten patients, aged between 59 and 72 years (6 women and 4 men), affected with essential pruritus were enrolled in the All 10 subjects completed the study. The status of pruritus study after verbal informed consent was obtained. At clinical was assessed and compared with the baseline using the VAS investigation all patients presented with discomforting diffuse forms filled in by pat...

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)-natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)-GRP receptor (GRPR) systems contribute to spinal processing of itch. However, pharmacological and anatomic evidence of these two spinal ligand-receptor systems are still not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the spinal functions of BNP-NPRA and GRP-GRPR systems for regulating s...

Topical therapy is one of the foundations of a dermatologist’s therapeutic armamentarium as it is used either for symptomatic relief, control, or cure of the underlying disease. Emollients provide symptomatic relief in xerotic skin diseases like ichthyoses, xeroderma, disorders of keratinization, and atopic dermatitis. They act by softening the stratum corneum by increasing its hydration. Curre...