Several trap designs have been used for sampling and control of the tsetse fly, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, Newstead (Diptera: Glossinidae) based on preferences of individual researchers and program managers with little understanding of the comparative efficiency and cost-effectiveness of trap designs. This study was carried out to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four commonly used trap desi...

Thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP), a candidate malaria vaccine antigen, is required for Plasmodium sporozoite gliding motility and cell invasion. For the first time, the ability of antibodies against TRAP to inhibit sporozoite infectivity in vivo is evaluated in detail. TRAP contains an A-domain, a well-characterized adhesive motif found in integrins. We modeled here a three-dimen...

Four commercial sticky fluorescent yellow rectangle traps differing in shades of yellow, fluorescence, and other features were compared for capturing apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh). Traps were the Alpha Scents Yellow Card (Alpha Scents), Pherocon® AM (Pherocon), Multigard® AM (Multigard), and the StikyTM Strips Insect Trap (Olson, small and large sizes), all baited with the same...

In this paper we present trap profile measurements for HeLa cells in Optoelectronic Tweezers (OET) based on a data projector. The data projector is used as a light source to illuminate amorphous Si creating virtual electrodes which are used to trap particles through dielectrophoresis. We show that although the trap stiffness is typically greater at the edges of the optical spot it is possible t...

This paper presents S-TRAP, a novel block-level CDP (Continuous Data Protection) recovery mechanism based on TRAP. In accordance with a certain time interval L , S-TRAP breaks down the parity chain of TRAP and generates new sub-chains. Besides, S-TRAP introduces previous block cache which can reduce the negative impact on the primary storage system. Both mathematical analysis and experimental e...

We propose a toroidal trap designed for ultracold atoms. It relies on a combination of a magnetic trap for rf-dressed atoms, which creates a bubble-like trap, and a standing wave of light. This trap is well-suited for investigating questions of low dimensionality in a ring potential. We study the trap characteristics for a set of experimentally accessible parameters. A loading procedure from a ...

The mechanisms regulating cell layer organisation in developing plant organs are fundamental to plant growth, but remain largely uninvestigated. We have studied the receptor kinase-encoding ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY4 gene and shown that its expression is restricted to the L1 cell layer of most meristems and organ primordia, including those of the ovule integuments. Insertion mutations show that ARABI...

Some species of Dyckia Schult. f., including Dyckia brevifolia Baker, are rheophytes that live in the fast-moving water currents of streams and rivers which are subject to frequent flooding, but also period of low water. This study aimed to analyze the leaf epidermis of D. brevifolia in the context of epidermal adaptation to this aquatic plant's rheophytic habitat. The epidermis is uniseriate, ...