The concept of anticipations controlling behavior is introduced. Background is provided about the importance of anticipations from a psychological perspective. Based on the psychological background wrapped in a framework of anticipatory behavioral control, the anticipatory learning classifier system ACS2 is explained. ACS2 learns and generalizes on-line a predictive environmental model (a model...

INTRODUCTION Anticipatory guidance is an important part of well-child care, yet little is known about the way family physicians provide this guidance. This study describes the methods that family physicians use to provide anticipatory guidance during well-child visits. METHODS A questionnaire was mailed to 1000 family physicians. Respondents rated 6 anticipatory guidance methods on frequency ...

A classic paradigm to study anticipatory pursuit consists in training monkeys to look at a target that appears in the center of a visual display, disappears during a short "gap" period, then reappears and immediately starts to move. To determine the role of prior directional information on anticipatory pursuit eye movements, we trained rhesus monkeys to associate the color of a centrally presen...

OBJECTIVE In DSM-5, pain-related fear during anticipation of vaginal penetration is a diagnostic criterion of Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder (GPPPD). We aimed to investigate subjective and brain responses during anticipatory fear and subsequent induction of vestibular pain in women with GPPPD. METHODS Women with GPPPD (n = 18) and age-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 15) underwent ...

Many theorists emphasize the role of an “internal model of the world” in directing intelligent behavior. Internal models predict the evolution of the environment by imitating its causal flow. They compute prediction signals and use these prediction signals to form novel associative chains. Formation of such predictive chains may contribute to reasoning and planning. Animals seem to learn and us...

Anticipatory deployment of attention may operate through networks of brain areas that modulate the representations of to-be-attended items in advance of their occurrence through top-down control. Luks and Simpson (2004) (Luks, T.L., Simpson, G.V., 2004. Preparatory deployment of attention to motion activates higher order motion-processing brain regions. NeuroImage 22, 1515-1522) found activatio...

The role of anticipatory mechanisms in human memory control is poorly understood. Addressing the issue we investigated whether the presence of an anticipatory phase can enhance effects of cognitive control, as they occur during voluntary suppression of episodic memories. Using the Think/No-Think task, participants first learned several face-word associations, and thereafter were asked to either...

Anticipation may play a role in shaping biological reactions to repeated stressors-a common feature of modern life. We aimed to demonstrate that: (a) individuals who display a larger cortisol response to an initial stressor exhibit progressive anticipatory sensitization, showing progressively higher cortisol levels before subsequent exposures, and (b) attention/emotional skills training can red...

The ability to entrain circadian rhythms to food availability is important for survival. Food-entrained circadian rhythms are characterized by increased locomotor activity in anticipation of food availability (food anticipatory activity). However, the molecular components and neural circuitry underlying the regulation of food anticipatory activity remain unclear. Here we show that serotonin(2C)...

Troubleshooting is the process of diagnosing and repairing a system that is behaving abnormally. Diagnostic and repair actions may incur costs, and traditional troubleshooting algorithms aim to minimize the costs incurred until the system is fixed. We propose an anticipatory troubleshooting algorithm, which is able to reason about both current and future failures. To reason about failures over ...