BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most important promotor of angiogenesis. Some studies indicate that anti-angiogenic agents that interfere with VEGF and its receptor (VEGFR), i.e., anti-VEGF/VEGFR agents, may be applied to treat endometriosis. This meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of anti-VEGF/VEGFR agents in animal models of endometriosis. METHODS ...

BACKGROUND In preclinical models, VEGF is a potent stimulant of both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. Conversely, anti-VEGF regimens have successfully inhibited angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that VEGF would stimulate both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis in a human-based fibrin-thrombin clot angiogenesis assay. We further speculated that anti-VEGF regime...

Gastrointestinal tract cancers constitute a group of highest morbidity both in and outside Japan, and the prognosis still remains unfavorable when the disease has progressed to the unresectable stage. Since the late 1990s, a novel category of anti-cancer drugs, 'molecular-targeted drugs', has become available, and angiogenesis has been considered as one of the most important molecular targets f...

Anti-VEGF therapy dramatically impro ved the outcome of patients with renal cancer and other advanced malignancies, but may be complicated by proteinuria and hypertension. VEGF is indispensable for the normal development of glomerulus and preservation of glomerular filtration barrier. Interference with its action may result in damage to glomerular endothelial cells and (in severe cases) in rena...

No clinically validated biomarkers exist to image tumor responses to antiangiogenic therapy. Here, we report the utility of hyperpolarized C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to detect the early effects of anti-VEGF therapy. In two colorectal cancer xenograft models, displaying differential sensitivity to VEGF blockade, we compared hyperpolarized MRS with measurements of tumor perfusion usi...

PURPOSE The resistance of tumors to antiangiogenic therapies is becoming increasingly relevant. There are currently no validated predictive biomarkers for selecting which cancer patients will benefit from antiangiogenic therapy. Also lacking are resistance biomarkers that can identify which escape pathways should be targeted after tumors develop resistance to VEGF treatment. Recent studies show...

Induction of neo-angiogenesis is a fundamental step in many pathological conditions. The therapeutic value of inhibiting angiogenesis is an interesting area of research in oncology, with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) being the most suitable anti-angiogenic target. In the last decade a number of anti-VEGF drugs have demonstrated, especially in combination with standard chemotherapy, ...

Rationale Malignant pleural effusion has few options of treatment and drugs administrated by different routes can lead to a less permissive microenvironment for the development of malignant pleural disease. Objectives To analyze therapies administered intrapleurally in malignant pleural disease and to study EGFR and KRAS mutations in adenocarcinoma. Methods Mice received LLC cells and were ...

Tumor cells co-express vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) that interact each other to support a self-sustainable cell growth. So far, this autocrine VEGF loop is not reported in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Apatinib is a highly selective VEGFR2 inhibitor, but its effects on ICC have not been investigated. In this study, we reported that VEGF an...

Maternal endometrial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered important in blastocyst implantation. However, there is no direct evidence to support this conjecture in the primate. In the present study, we have examined this hypothesis by testing whether immunoneutralization of VEGF during the peri-implantation stage of gestation affects embryo implantation in the rhesus monkey. A...